Country, group of countries 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Austria 9.9 3.0 0.7 1.9 6.2 4.6 7.7 5.6 1.8 -11.7 6.7 6.3 1.4 0.2 -0.1 1.8 2.1 5.8 5.0 0.0 -6.0 11.3 6.1 -0.3
Belgium .. 4.2 0.7 1.5 6.2 3.9 6.4 7.7 3.7 -11.0 9.2 4.8 -1.8 0.0 1.2 -1.0 4.5 2.9 1.2 5.2 -4.1 25.5 -0.5 -7.3
Bulgaria .. 2.3 4.6 13.2 12.4 7.3 6.2 9.4 0.6 -18.2 2.0 5.9 -0.6 0.1 2.0 2.7 2.5 4.0 0.3 0.6 -6.3 10.1 13.0 -8.4
Cyprus .. 5.1 2.0 0.1 1.2 0.8 0.3 4.8 4.6 -9.2 -2.0 -7.8 -9.9 -13.0 -0.4 4.8 9.2 8.6 7.3 4.4 -7.3 6.4 3.2 1.4
Czechia .. 6.8 1.8 3.6 9.3 3.2 7.8 10.0 -2.4 -13.1 8.5 5.6 -0.8 0.1 5.1 4.5 2.6 6.5 3.1 -0.6 -7.0 6.5 2.0 -0.8
Denmark .. 2.5 0.6 0.4 -2.1 2.9 4.5 -2.7 -2.2 -14.2 1.7 1.4 -0.1 0.8 0.8 0.6 3.8 1.6 2.2 2.7 -5.5 9.8 12.4 9.2
Estonia .. 8.7 8.8 11.3 9.5 10.9 10.2 6.4 -4.8 -24.0 23.0 19.7 1.5 4.2 4.4 0.1 2.8 4.0 4.9 7.1 -2.7 12.8 1.6 -12.1
Finland 8.6 -0.1 1.5 -0.1 5.1 -0.5 10.0 4.5 0.9 -17.8 5.7 1.8 -2.3 -3.0 -1.9 -0.9 4.1 3.4 3.4 1.6 -3.2 4.2 3.8 -2.1
France 4.8 1.1 -1.1 -0.9 1.7 0.4 1.2 1.1 -2.9 -12.6 4.4 2.7 -2.5 -0.2 -1.1 1.4 0.5 2.4 0.8 0.5 -11.0 5.5 0.0 0.8
Greece .. -3.3 0.2 0.5 0.7 -1.6 0.9 2.2 -4.2 -9.7 -6.1 -5.9 -2.1 -3.2 -2.0 0.9 2.7 4.1 1.7 -0.6 -2.2 10.4 2.5 2.3
Netherlands .. 1.2 1.1 -1.7 4.9 0.4 1.9 4.3 0.6 -7.7 7.7 -0.7 -0.5 0.5 -2.7 -3.5 1.2 1.4 1.7 -1.6 -3.3 3.9 3.9 -1.1
Croatia 2.1 6.0 4.9 3.3 2.4 4.9 4.3 5.1 0.7 -8.9 -1.6 -1.1 -5.4 -1.7 1.1 2.6 4.8 1.8 -0.7 0.5 -3.3 6.3 1.7 -0.2
Ireland 14.6 11.0 8.3 5.6 1.1 4.1 2.9 5.4 -2.2 -4.5 8.4 -0.5 -1.5 -2.2 20.9 36.0 4.9 -2.5 -4.9 6.9 14.6 28.4 18.9 -7.7
Poland .. 0.6 1.7 8.1 11.9 5.3 12.3 9.4 2.1 -4.2 11.3 7.2 1.2 2.6 3.1 4.6 3.1 6.8 5.8 4.2 -1.9 14.8 10.6 -1.1
Latvia .. 10.8 7.1 8.0 6.3 7.6 6.5 1.2 -3.3 -17.9 14.4 8.8 6.2 -0.4 -0.9 3.4 4.7 8.7 2.0 0.8 -1.8 6.5 0.8 -5.2
Lithuania -0.8 13.0 5.3 15.4 11.3 7.2 5.5 2.1 4.5 -14.1 5.9 6.1 3.3 3.2 -0.3 4.0 2.3 6.7 5.4 3.2 -0.2 21.1 8.9 -6.4
Luxembourg .. 5.0 4.8 5.3 4.8 2.8 2.5 -0.3 -5.4 -15.9 8.7 1.8 -4.8 -3.0 4.3 1.2 -0.5 3.9 -1.1 -3.3 -10.7 8.2 -3.7 -4.2
Hungary .. 3.9 3.3 6.5 7.1 7.0 10.6 8.2 -0.8 -17.7 10.5 5.6 -1.5 1.5 7.2 7.0 0.7 5.3 3.8 5.7 -6.9 9.8 5.8 -4.8
Malta .. -6.6 0.3 4.8 -0.8 -5.5 7.3 7.2 -4.4 -14.2 8.6 -0.1 5.4 -5.2 -5.8 -0.2 -7.2 6.9 3.3 2.9 1.2 -0.9 1.5 7.3
Germany 5.7 0.2 -1.0 0.5 3.0 3.5 5.6 6.1 -0.1 -16.3 11.0 7.2 -0.4 0.1 1.4 0.9 0.8 3.2 0.9 -3.2 -9.6 4.6 -0.3 -1.9
Italy 4.2 -1.0 -1.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.8 3.6 1.8 -3.5 -18.7 6.6 1.3 -6.3 -3.2 -0.6 1.2 1.9 3.6 0.9 -1.1 -11.4 12.2 0.3 -2
Portugal .. 1.7 0.5 -1.1 -4.2 13.2 -1.7 -2.2 -6.1 -13.6 1.5 -1.5 -5.4 1.6 1.7 2.0 1.6 2.2 0.3 -2.2 -8.1 3.8 0.6 -3.1
Romania .. 4.2 0.2 -0.9 1.6 0.2 9.9 10.1 2.6 -5.5 4.9 7.9 2.9 7.8 6.3 2.7 2.9 8.7 3.4 -2.6 -9.2 6.4 1.0 -2.5
Spain 4.4 -1.6 -0.1 1.4 2.0 0.5 3.6 2.2 -7.2 -16.2 1.0 -1.9 -6.6 -2.0 1.4 3.4 1.6 3.0 0.7 0.4 -9.5 7.5 2.5 -1.6
Sweden .. -0.6 0.1 1.7 4.5 2.3 3.6 4.0 -3.0 -17.5 8.7 2.5 -1.3 -4.8 -1.5 2.8 1.6 4.8 2.8 2.4 -4.6 6.5 2.2 0.6
Slovakia .. 3.7 7.1 15.3 3.5 -0.6 15.7 16.8 40.8 -14.6 16.4 4.1 8.8 -0.7 3.3 5.1 0.6 1.6 -3.5 -6.1 -9.1 10.9 -4.4 4.2
Slovenia 6.5 3.6 2.1 0.9 3.6 4.8 6.3 7.3 1.5 -17.6 6.7 2.0 -0.1 -1.2 1.7 4.8 7.7 8.2 5.3 2.8 -6.4 10.0 2.0 -4.9
EU27_2020
5.4a
 0.7 -0.2 0.7 2.6 2.0 4.4 4.1 -1.5 -14.6 7.5 3.6 -2.1 -0.6 1.2 2.6 1.7 3.1 1.2 -0.5 -7.4 9.1 2.9 -1.8
United Kingdom 1.9 -1.6 -1.3 -0.7 0.4 -0.1 0.5 0.1 -2.8 -8.5 3.6 0.1 -2.7 -0.8 1.3 0.4 1.6 2.3 0.8 -1.1 .. .. .. ..
North Macedonia .. -3.1 -5.2 4.7 -2.2 7.0 5.9 3.8 5.2 -8.7 -4.8 7.0 -2.7 3.2 4.8 4.9 3.3 0.2 5.4 3.7 -9.5 1.4 -0.2 0.6
Norway 4.8 -4.6 4.7 4.0 -2.2 -2.4 -1.1 -0.8 0.2 -3.6 -6.3 -6.1 1.6 -2.1 2.4 1.1 -1.4 -0.2 -1.8 -4.0 6.0 2.5 -0.4 0.2
Russia 8.7 2.9 3.2 9.5 8.0 5.2 6.4 6.9 0.7 -10.7 7.2 5.1 3.4 1.7 2.5 5.3 1.9 3.7 3.5 3.4 -2.1 5.3 .. ..
Switzerland 8.4 -0.7 -5.1 0.4 4.0 -0.4 7.1 8.4 -0.4 -7.5 7.0 1.3 0.4 1.9 1.5 -1.3 0.2 5.1 5.1 4.0 -3.3 8.8 5.6 0.6
Serbia .. 0.6 1.7 -3.1 6.2 1.2 4.2 4.0 1.1 -12.4 1.1 2.4 -2.2 5.9 -7.6 7.5 4.7 4.4 1.1 0.3 -0.7 7.0 1.9 2.7
Türkiye 5.9 -8.4 9.1 9.0 9.1 14.6 7.3 8.5 -1.0 -10.7 13.7 14.8 4.1 7.3 5.6 5.7 3.5 8.9 1.3 -0.5 1.6 17.5 4.4 1.6
India 6.0 2.7 4.9 6.6 10.8 5.9 10.9 15.6 7.7 0.2 9.7 4.8 -0.2 1.6 4.5 2.5 5.2 3.5 5.2 0.7 -11.0 12.7 4.6 5.8
Israel 10.0 -5.0 -1.9 -0.3 6.9 5.1 9.1 5.5 6.9 -5.8 8.0 2.2 4.7 -1.0 0.6 2.4 -0.3 1.8 2.5 3.9 2.5 3.6 10.8 -1.3
Japan 5.4 -6.3 -1.1 3.4 4.7 1.4 4.3 2.8 -3.2 -21.0 15.0 -2.9 0.7 -0.9 1.7 -1.3 0.1 2.8 1.1 -2.6 -10.0 5.2 0.0 -1.4
Republic of Korea 16.9 0.6 8.0 5.5 10.4 6.3 8.4 6.9 3.4 -0.1 16.3 6.0 1.4 0.7 0.2 -0.3 2.2 2.5 1.5 0.3 -0.3 8.5 1.0 -2.6
Brazil 6.6 1.6 2.8 0.3 8.4 2.8 2.7 6.0 3.1 -7.1 10.2 0.4 -2.3 2.1 -3.0 -8.3 -6.4 2.5 1.0 -1.1 -4.5 3.9 -0.7 0.1
United States 3.9 -3.0 0.3 1.3 2.7 3.4 2.3 2.6 -3.5 -11.4 5.6 3.1 3.0 2.0 3.0 -1.4 -2.1 1.3 3.2 -0.7 -7.1 4.4 3.4 0.2
Canada 7.0 -3.1 1.9 0.1 2.2 2.3 -0.2 -1.4 -3.3 -10.8 6.0 4.8 -0.1 1.7 5.0 -0.5 -0.1 3.7 3.4 -0.1 -7.7 4.9 3.9 -0.1
Mexicob 5.0 -2.3 -1.7 1.1 3.7 2.5 5.1 1.1 -1.0 -8.0 4.7 3.2 3.5 -0.5 2.9 1.9 0.2 0.8 0.1 -1.8 -9.0 6.5 4.8 3.4
Australia 6.3 1.5 2.5 -0.3 1.1 2.3 2.2 4.0 3.3 0.0 4.6 1.2 4.6 4.0 6.3 3.3 2.7 1.5 4.3 2.6 -0.9 -0.3 -0.8 0.8
New Zealand 3.5 -0.2 5.7 3.3 3.6 0.2 -1.0 4.3 -1.8 -5.9 3.3 -2.9 0.6 0.6 3.2 1.3 2.0 0.9 1.7 1.4 -4.3 3.0 -3.6 -3.2

Footnotes

*Download date: 3 December 2024.
aEurostat estimate.
bIncluding construction.
Source: Eurostat (Luxembourg); Main Economic Indicators database (OECD, Paris).

Explanation of symbols

..
Datum not available.
__, |
Break in series (limited comparability).
0
Less than half of unit.
blue number
Preliminary datum.
green number
Revised datum.
.