Period, quarters Employed Unemployed Economically active Economically inactive Population aged 15–64 Of which: Potential labour reservea Activity rate Unemployment rate Employment rate
thousand persons %
Total
2009 Q1 3,848.7 403.6 4,252.3 2,508.2 6,760.5 653.4 62.9 9.5 56.9
Q2 3,879.3 400.0 4,279.4 2,476.7 6,756.1 639.6 63.3 9.3 57.4
Q3 3,868.6 430.3 4,298.9 2,452.7 6,751.6 688.2 63.7 10.0 57.3
Q4 3,859.3 434.4 4,293.7 2,453.4 6,747.1 701.0 63.6 10.1 57.2
2010 Q1 3,791.0 493.8 4,284.7 2,458.0 6,742.7 765.8 63.5 11.5 56.2
Q2 3,840.1 470.5 4,310.6 2,427.7 6,738.2 731.6 64.0 10.9 57.0
Q3 3,876.0 457.7 4,333.7 2,400.1 6,733.8 718.1 64.4 10.6 57.6
Q4 3,863.9 453.7 4,317.6 2,411.8 6,729.4 725.0 64.2 10.5 57.4
2011 Q1 3,799.9 492.0 4,291.9 2,433.0 6,724.9 789.3 63.8 11.5 56.5
Q2 3,867.3 458.2 4,325.6 2,394.9 6,720.5 744.7 64.4 10.6 57.5
Q3 3,905.3 456.1 4,361.4 2,354.5 6,716.0 751.9 64.9 10.5 58.1
Q4 3,900.2 454.5 4,354.6 2,358.0 6,712.7 753.1 64.9 10.4 58.1
2012 Q1 3,835.6 505.0 4,340.6 2,368.5 6,709.1 806.8 64.7 11.6 57.2
Q2 3,914.8 470.5 4,385.4 2,313.4 6,698.7 777.2 65.5 10.7 58.4
Q3 3,985.9 452.7 4,438.6 2,250.5 6,689.0 768.8 66.4 10.2 59.6
Q4 3,960.8 458.7 4,419.5 2,260.2 6,679.7 787.7 66.2 10.4 59.3
2013 Q1 3,876.1 493.6 4,369.6 2,298.6 6,668.2 852.8 65.5 11.3 58.1
Q2 3,995.2 438.8 4,434.0 2,219.7 6,653.7 762.2 66.6 9.9 60.0
Q3 4,048.9 428.3 4,477.2 2,162.4 6,639.6 727.0 67.4 9.6 61.0
Q4 4,065.9 397.0 4,462.9 2,162.9 6,625.7 687.7 67.4 8.9 61.4
2014 Q1 4,135.1 362.8 4,497.9 2,112.9 6,610.8 676.6 68.0 8.1 62.6
Q2 4,165.5 358.0 4,523.5 2,071.6 6,595.1 631.6 68.6 7.9 63.2
Q3 4,238.9 330.6 4,569.4 2,010.8 6,580.2 586.2 69.4 7.2 64.4
Q4 4,227.3 317.5 4,544.8 2,020.1 6,564.9 566.3 69.2 7.0 64.4
2015 Q1 4,205.1 346.8 4,551.9 1,996.5 6,548.4 598.4 69.5 7.6 64.2
Q2 4,290.5 309.1 4,599.6 1,935.5 6,535.2 528.7 70.4 6.7 65.7
Q3 4,353.7 291.6 4,645.3 1,880.9 6,526.2 496.5 71.2 6.3 66.7
Q4 4,352.2 279.6 4,631.8 1,880.1 6,511.8 483.7 71.1 6.0 66.8
2016 Q1 4,352.9 272.0 4,624.9 1,869.2 6,494.1 483.9 71.2 5.9 67.0
Q2 4,438.2 233.3 4,671.5 1,809.6 6,481.1 411.5 72.1 5.0 68.5
Q3 4,476.1 225.3 4,701.4 1,773.3 6,474.7 393.3 72.6 4.8 69.1
Q4 4,492.6 204.3 4,696.9 1,764.8 6,461.7 368.0 72.7 4.3 69.5
2017 Q1 4,452.6 206.2 4,658.8 1,783.6 6,442.5 389.8 72.3 4.4 69.1
Q2 4,492.3 196.1 4,688.4 1,733.5 6,422.0 360.1 73.0 4.2 70.0
Q3 4,526.9 187.9 4,714.9 1,690.8 6,405.7 341.1 73.6 4.0 70.7
Q4 4,529.7 175.2 4,704.9 1,685.7 6,390.6 315.3 73.6 3.7 70.9
2018 Q1 4,509.8 174.3 4,684.1 1,671.6 6,355.7 313.7 73.7 3.7 71.0
Q2 4,534.1 162.1 4,696.3 1,647.4 6,343.7 302.0 74.0 3.5 71.5
Q3 4,552.3 174.6 4,726.9 1,604.8 6,331.6 303.2 74.7 3.7 71.9
Q4 4,545.8 165.3 4,711.1 1,608.5 6,319.6 301.0 74.5 3.5 71.9
2019 Q1 4,555.0 163.0 4,718.0 1,588.7 6,306.7 293.3 74.8 3.5 72.2
Q2 4,546.8 154.7 4,701.6 1,590.3 6,291.8 288.6 74.7 3.3 72.3
Q3 4,548.9 160.4 4,709.3 1,567.7 6,277.0 292.8 75.0 3.4 72.5
Q4 4,543.5 149.3 4,692.8 1,569.4 6,262.2 282.1 74.9 3.2 72.6
2020 Q1 4,501.0 169.7 4,670.7 1,575.8 6,246.4 326.8 74.8 3.6 72.1
Q2 4,433.2 212.1 4,645.3 1,583.4 6,228.7 422.3 74.6 4.6 71.2
Q3 4,506.2 204.5 4,710.7 1,500.2 6,210.9 365.9 75.8 4.3 72.6
Q4 4,499.1 192.2 4,691.3 1,501.8 6,193.2 353.5 75.8 4.1 72.6
2021 Q1 4,445.2 208.6 4,653.8 1,523.3 6,177.1 418.1 75.3 4.5 72.0
Q2 4,502.1 192.2 4,694.3 1,470.2 6,164.5 352.3 76.2 4.1 73.0
Q3 4,539.1 185.2 4,724.3 1,427.7 6,152.0 311.6 76.8 3.9 73.8
Q4 4,558.3 175.5 4,733.8 1,405.6 6,139.4 290.3 77.1 3.7 74.2
2022 Q1 4,545.7 176.4 4,722.1 1,407.1 6,129.3 288.4 77.0 3.7 74.2
Q2 4,560.7 150.8 4,711.5 1,412.6 6,124.1 251.4 76.9 3.2 74.5
Q3 4,572.7 172.9 4,745.6 1,373.3 6,118.9 271.1 77.6 3.6 74.7
Q4 4,564.1 185.8 4,749.9 1,366.9 6,116.8 294.3 77.7 3.9 74.6
2023 Q1 4,552.3 194.1 4,746.4 1,371.1 6,117.5 290.1 77.6 4.1 74.4
Q2 4,579.3 188.1 4,767.4 1,345.0 6,112.4 281.7 78.0 3.9 74.9
Q3 4,590.4 195.0 4,785.4 1,322.5 6,108.0 284.0 78.3 4.1 75.2
Q4 4,587.1 214.6 4,801.8 1,301.8 6,103.6 306.4 78.7 4.5 75.2
2024 Q1 4,560.7 223.3 4,783.9 1,314.6 6,098.5 315.7 78.4 4.7 74.8
Q2 4,580.7 211.2 4,792.0 1,302.2 6,094.1 307.3 78.6 4.4 75.2
Q3 4,586.4 220.2 4,806.6 1,283.4 6,090.0 310.0 78.9 4.6 75.3
Q4
Of which:
male
2009 Q1 1,998.0 225.4 2,223.3 1,082.9 3,306.2 352.9 67.2 10.1 60.4
Q2 2,022.1 223.9 2,246.0 1,058.9 3,304.9 338.7 68.0 10.0 61.2
Q3 2,009.4 238.8 2,248.1 1,055.4 3,303.6 363.8 68.1 10.6 60.8
Q4 2,000.3 239.1 2,239.4 1,062.8 3,302.2 371.6 67.8 10.7 60.6
2010 Q1 1,936.0 282.9 2,218.9 1,082.0 3,300.9 420.3 67.2 12.7 58.7
Q2 1,973.4 266.8 2,240.2 1,059.4 3,299.6 393.5 67.9 11.9 59.8
Q3 2,003.1 248.7 2,251.8 1,046.5 3,298.3 373.0 68.3 11.0 60.7
Q4 1,993.1 247.9 2,241.0 1,056.0 3,296.9 378.1 68.0 11.1 60.5
2011 Q1 1,951.2 274.8 2,226.1 1,069.5 3,295.6 425.2 67.5 12.3 59.2
Q2 2,004.7 245.1 2,249.8 1,044.4 3,294.3 389.3 68.3 10.9 60.9
Q3 2,032.1 243.2 2,275.3 1,017.7 3,292.9 388.1 69.1 10.7 61.7
Q4 2,021.9 242.5 2,264.4 1,030.3 3,294.7 389.4 68.7 10.7 61.4
2012 Q1 1,978.9 280.1 2,258.9 1,039.6 3,298.5 428.4 68.5 12.4 60.0
Q2 2,021.9 265.9 2,287.7 1,006.3 3,294.0 410.7 69.4 11.6 61.4
Q3 2,058.9 250.3 2,309.2 980.8 3,290.0 396.3 70.2 10.8 62.6
Q4 2,057.6 251.0 2,308.6 977.7 3,286.3 403.2 70.3 10.9 62.6
2013 Q1 1,996.3 282.1 2,278.3 1,003.0 3,281.4 465.0 69.4 12.4 60.8
Q2 2,087.9 235.6 2,323.5 951.5 3,275.0 388.6 70.9 10.1 63.8
Q3 2,125.3 228.3 2,353.7 915.4 3,269.0 368.0 72.0 9.7 65.0
Q4 2,132.0 210.1 2,342.1 921.1 3,263.1 345.0 71.8 9.0 65.3
2014 Q1 2,167.3 192.0 2,359.2 897.4 3,256.7 350.4 72.4 8.1 66.5
Q2 2,189.3 190.8 2,380.1 869.6 3,249.8 325.4 73.2 8.0 67.4
Q3 2,234.8 172.1 2,406.9 836.5 3,243.4 295.7 74.2 7.2 68.9
Q4 2,221.2 170.5 2,391.7 845.1 3,236.8 286.9 73.9 7.1 68.6
2015 Q1 2,204.8 185.8 2,390.6 839.2 3,229.8 305.5 74.0 7.8 68.3
Q2 2,261.1 162.7 2,423.8 800.9 3,224.6 272.0 75.2 6.7 70.1
Q3 2,298.1 151.0 2,449.1 772.4 3,221.6 253.6 76.0 6.2 71.3
Q4 2,295.6 145.6 2,441.2 774.4 3,215.6 246.6 75.9 6.0 71.4
2016 Q1 2,292.7 146.7 2,439.4 769.0 3,208.4 251.2 76.0 6.0 71.5
Q2 2,336.1 131.1 2,467.2 736.6 3,203.8 213.2 77.0 5.3 72.9
Q3 2,356.4 121.6 2,478.0 724.5 3,202.5 203.0 77.4 4.9 73.6
Q4 2,364.9 109.9 2,474.8 722.8 3,197.6 183.8 77.4 4.4 74.0
2017 Q1 2,352.9 108.7 2,461.6 727.4 3,189.0 193.8 77.2 4.4 73.8
Q2 2,389.3 100.1 2,489.4 690.2 3,179.7 175.8 78.3 4.0 75.1
Q3 2,408.6 90.8 2,499.5 673.3 3,172.7 161.1 78.8 3.6 75.9
Q4 2,408.5 83.0 2,491.5 674.9 3,166.4 147.2 78.7 3.3 76.1
2018 Q1 2,407.3 87.6 2,494.8 673.8 3,168.7 152.2 78.7 3.5 76.0
Q2 2,415.4 87.7 2,503.1 662.1 3,165.2 146.7 79.1 3.5 76.3
Q3 2,428.2 84.6 2,512.8 648.9 3,161.7 146.7 79.5 3.4 76.8
Q4 2,424.2 90.2 2,514.4 643.7 3,158.2 156.1 79.6 3.6 76.8
2019 Q1 2,443.3 89.3 2,532.6 621.6 3,154.2 153.1 80.3 3.5 77.5
Q2 2,433.2 87.4 2,520.6 628.5 3,149.1 151.6 80.0 3.5 77.3
Q3 2,439.9 83.4 2,523.3 620.9 3,144.1 143.3 80.3 3.3 77.6
Q4 2,440.0 79.3 2,519.3 619.8 3,139.1 138.8 80.3 3.1 77.7
2020 Q1 2,413.4 91.6 2,505.1 628.1 3,133.2 166.6 80.0 3.7 77.0
Q2 2,378.9 112.9 2,491.8 633.6 3,125.3 204.9 79.7 4.5 76.1
Q3 2,422.0 109.2 2,531.2 586.3 3,117.5 183.5 81.2 4.3 77.7
Q4 2,423.6 102.2 2,525.8 583.8 3,109.6 175.0 81.2 4.0 77.9
2021 Q1 2,400.6 104.2 2,504.8 597.8 3,102.6 193.8 80.7 4.2 77.4
Q2 2,410.5 102.8 2,513.3 583.8 3,097.1 180.1 81.2 4.1 77.8
Q3 2,425.4 96.9 2,522.3 569.4 3,091.7 157.7 81.6 3.8 78.4
Q4 2,431.7 88.4 2,520.2 566.1 3,086.3 145.5 81.7 3.5 78.8
2022 Q1 2,426.6 96.7 2,523.3 558.3 3,081.6 149.7 81.9 3.8 78.7
Q2 2,432.1 84.3 2,516.4 562.0 3,078.3 132.1 81.7 3.4 79.0
Q3 2,435.5 95.0 2,530.4 544.6 3,075.1 140.7 82.3 3.8 79.2
Q4 2,426.7 100.7 2,527.5 547.8 3,075.3 156.0 82.2 4.0 78.9
2023 Q1 2,424.5 103.7 2,528.1 551.5 3,079.6 151.9 82.1 4.1 78.7
Q2 2,437.9 102.8 2,540.8 537.7 3,078.4 145.5 82.5 4.0 79.2
Q3 2,451.7 102.3 2,554.0 523.7 3,077.7 135.6 83.0 4.0 79.7
Q4 2,435.1 110.9 2,545.9 531.1 3,077.1 153.9 82.7 4.4 79.1
2024 Q1 2,409.8 124.4 2,534.2 541.7 3,075.9 164.8 82.4 4.9 78.3
Q2 2,430.7 112.9 2,543.7 531.5 3,075.2 157.9 82.7 4.4 79.0
Q3 2,422.5 119.2 2,541.8 532.8 3,074.6 161.1 82.7 4.7 78.8
Q4
female
2009 Q1 1,850.8 178.2 2,029.0 1,425.3 3,454.2 300.6 58.7 8.8 53.6
Q2 1,857.2 176.2 2,033.3 1,417.8 3,451.1 301.0 58.9 8.7 53.8
Q3 1,859.2 191.5 2,050.8 1,397.2 3,448.0 324.4 59.5 9.3 53.9
Q4 1,859.1 195.3 2,054.3 1,390.5 3,444.9 329.4 59.6 9.5 54.0
2010 Q1 1,854.9 210.9 2,065.8 1,375.9 3,441.8 345.5 60.0 10.2 53.9
Q2 1,866.7 203.6 2,070.3 1,368.3 3,438.6 338.1 60.2 9.8 54.3
Q3 1,872.9 209.0 2,081.9 1,353.7 3,435.5 345.1 60.6 10.0 54.5
Q4 1,870.8 205.8 2,076.6 1,355.8 3,432.4 346.9 60.5 9.9 54.5
2011 Q1 1,848.7 217.1 2,065.8 1,363.5 3,429.3 364.1 60.2 10.5 53.9
Q2 1,862.6 213.1 2,075.7 1,350.4 3,426.2 355.4 60.6 10.3 54.4
Q3 1,873.2 212.9 2,086.2 1,336.9 3,423.0 363.8 60.9 10.2 54.7
Q4 1,878.3 212.0 2,090.3 1,327.7 3,418.0 363.8 61.2 10.1 55.0
2012 Q1 1,856.7 225.0 2,081.7 1,328.9 3,410.6 378.4 61.0 10.8 54.4
Q2 1,893.0 204.7 2,097.7 1,307.0 3,404.7 366.5 61.6 9.8 55.6
Q3 1,927.0 202.4 2,129.4 1,269.6 3,399.0 372.5 62.6 9.5 56.7
Q4 1,903.2 207.7 2,110.9 1,282.6 3,393.4 384.6 62.2 9.8 56.1
2013 Q1 1,879.8 211.5 2,091.3 1,295.5 3,386.8 387.8 61.7 10.1 55.5
Q2 1,907.3 203.2 2,110.5 1,268.1 3,378.7 373.6 62.5 9.6 56.5
Q3 1,923.6 199.9 2,123.5 1,247.1 3,370.6 359.0 63.0 9.4 57.1
Q4 1,933.9 186.9 2,120.8 1,241.8 3,362.6 342.7 63.1 8.8 57.5
2014 Q1 1,967.9 170.8 2,138.7 1,215.4 3,354.1 326.2 63.8 8.0 58.7
Q2 1,976.2 167.2 2,143.4 1,202.0 3,345.3 306.2 64.1 7.8 59.1
Q3 2,004.1 158.5 2,162.5 1,174.3 3,336.8 290.5 64.8 7.3 60.1
Q4 2,006.2 146.9 2,153.1 1,175.0 3,328.1 279.5 64.7 6.8 60.3
2015 Q1 2,000.3 161.0 2,161.3 1,157.3 3,318.6 292.9 65.1 7.4 60.3
Q2 2,029.4 146.4 2,175.9 1,134.7 3,310.5 256.7 65.7 6.7 61.3
Q3 2,055.6 140.6 2,196.2 1,108.5 3,304.7 243.0 66.5 6.4 62.2
Q4 2,056.6 134.0 2,190.6 1,105.6 3,296.2 237.1 66.5 6.1 62.4
2016 Q1 2,060.2 125.3 2,185.5 1,100.1 3,285.6 232.7 66.5 5.7 62.7
Q2 2,102.1 102.2 2,204.3 1,073.0 3,277.3 198.3 67.3 4.6 64.1
Q3 2,119.7 103.7 2,223.4 1,048.8 3,272.2 190.2 67.9 4.7 64.8
Q4 2,127.7 94.4 2,222.1 1,041.9 3,264.1 184.2 68.1 4.2 65.2
2017 Q1 2,099.8 97.5 2,197.2 1,056.3 3,253.5 196.0 67.5 4.4 64.5
Q2 2,103.0 96.1 2,199.0 1,043.3 3,242.3 184.2 67.8 4.4 64.9
Q3 2,118.3 97.1 2,215.4 1,017.6 3,233.0 180.0 68.5 4.4 65.5
Q4 2,121.2 92.2 2,213.3 1,010.9 3,224.2 168.1 68.6 4.2 65.8
2018 Q1 2,102.5 86.8 2,189.3 997.8 3,187.0 161.5 68.7 4.0 66.0
Q2 2,118.7 74.5 2,193.2 985.3 3,178.5 155.2 69.0 3.4 66.7
Q3 2,124.1 89.9 2,214.1 955.9 3,170.0 156.5 69.8 4.1 67.0
Q4 2,121.6 75.1 2,196.7 964.8 3,161.5 144.9 69.5 3.4 67.1
2019 Q1 2,111.7 73.7 2,185.4 967.1 3,152.5 140.2 69.3 3.4 67.0
Q2 2,113.6 67.3 2,180.9 961.8 3,142.7 137.0 69.4 3.1 67.3
Q3 2,109.0 77.1 2,186.1 946.8 3,132.9 149.5 69.8 3.5 67.3
Q4 2,103.5 70.0 2,173.5 949.6 3,123.1 143.3 69.6 3.2 67.4
2020 Q1 2,087.6 78.0 2,165.6 947.6 3,113.3 160.2 69.6 3.6 67.1
Q2 2,054.3 99.3 2,153.6 949.8 3,103.4 217.4 69.4 4.6 66.2
Q3 2,084.2 95.4 2,179.6 913.9 3,093.4 182.4 70.5 4.4 67.4
Q4 2,075.5 90.0 2,165.5 918.0 3,083.5 178.5 70.2 4.2 67.3
2021 Q1 2,044.6 104.4 2,149.0 925.5 3,074.5 224.3 69.9 4.9 66.5
Q2 2,091.6 89.4 2,181.0 886.4 3,067.4 172.2 71.1 4.1 68.2
Q3 2,113.7 88.3 2,202.0 858.3 3,060.3 154.0 72.0 4.0 69.1
Q4 2,126.6 87.1 2,213.6 839.5 3,053.1 144.9 72.5 3.9 69.7
2022 Q1 2,119.1 79.7 2,198.8 848.9 3,047.7 138.7 72.1 3.6 69.5
Q2 2,128.6 66.5 2,195.1 850.7 3,045.8 119.3 72.1 3.0 69.9
Q3 2,137.2 78.0 2,215.2 828.7 3,043.9 130.4 72.8 3.5 70.2
Q4 2,137.4 85.0 2,222.4 819.1 3,041.5 138.3 73.1 3.8 70.3
2023 Q1 2,127.9 90.4 2,218.3 819.6 3,037.9 138.1 73.0 4.1 70.0
Q2 2,141.3 85.3 2,226.7 807.3 3,034.0 136.2 73.4 3.8 70.6
Q3 2,138.7 92.7 2,231.4 798.8 3,030.2 148.4 73.6 4.2 70.6
Q4 2,152.1 103.7 2,255.8 770.7 3,026.5 152.5 74.5 4.6 71.1
2024 Q1 2,150.9 98.8 2,249.7 772.9 3,022.7 150.8 74.4 4.4 71.2
Q2 2,150.0 98.3 2,248.3 770.7 3,019.0 149.4 74.5 4.4 71.2
Q3 2,163.9 101.0 2,264.8 750.5 3,015.4 148.9 75.1 4.5 71.8
Q4

Footnotes

*From 25 October 2024 onwards, the Labour Force Survey estimates are produced using population projections based on the 2022 Census. The data has been extrapolated back to 2018 using the new base. Source: labour force survey, HCSO.
aFrom 2021, the potential labor reserve determin according to the Eurostat methodology.

Explanation of symbols

__, |
Break in series (limited comparability).
green number
Revised datum.
.