Period, quarters Employed Unemployed Economically active Economically inactive Population aged 15–74 Of which: Potential labour reservea Activity rate Unemployment rate Employment rate
thousand persons %
Total
2009 Q1 3,877.0 403.6 4,280.6 3,400.7 7,681.3 657.1 55.7 9.4 50.5
Q2 3,910.4 400.3 4,310.7 3,367.3 7,678.0 643.3 56.1 9.3 50.9
Q3 3,899.4 431.2 4,330.6 3,344.0 7,674.5 692.4 56.4 10.0 50.8
Q4 3,891.1 434.7 4,325.7 3,345.4 7,671.1 704.6 56.4 10.0 50.7
2010 Q1 3,821.8 493.8 4,315.5 3,352.2 7,667.8 769.5 56.3 11.4 49.8
Q2 3,870.9 470.6 4,341.4 3,322.9 7,664.3 734.8 56.6 10.8 50.5
Q3 3,907.8 457.9 4,365.7 3,295.2 7,661.0 721.4 57.0 10.5 51.0
Q4 3,894.7 454.1 4,348.8 3,308.8 7,657.6 727.1 56.8 10.4 50.9
2011 Q1 3,831.9 492.2 4,324.1 3,330.1 7,654.2 792.0 56.5 11.4 50.1
Q2 3,900.8 458.3 4,359.2 3,291.6 7,650.8 748.7 57.0 10.5 51.0
Q3 3,942.2 456.3 4,398.5 3,248.8 7,647.3 755.9 57.5 10.4 51.6
Q4 3,936.9 455.0 4,391.9 3,253.1 7,644.9 757.1 57.4 10.4 51.5
2012 Q1 3,870.3 506.0 4,376.3 3,267.1 7,643.4 811.1 57.3 11.6 50.6
Q2 3,950.3 471.9 4,422.2 3,215.2 7,637.5 783.1 57.9 10.7 51.7
Q3 4,019.6 453.7 4,473.3 3,159.8 7,633.0 773.2 58.6 10.1 52.7
Q4 3,994.7 459.5 4,454.1 3,175.1 7,629.2 793.6 58.4 10.3 52.4
2013 Q1 3,906.6 494.7 4,401.3 3,221.6 7,622.8 859.3 57.7 11.2 51.2
Q2 4,028.3 439.8 4,468.1 3,145.3 7,613.4 772.5 58.7 9.8 52.9
Q3 4,081.7 428.9 4,510.6 3,094.7 7,605.3 734.6 59.3 9.5 53.7
Q4 4,100.5 397.4 4,497.9 3,099.4 7,597.3 694.4 59.2 8.8 54.0
2014 Q1 4,165.1 363.0 4,528.2 3,059.7 7,587.8 681.9 59.7 8.0 54.9
Q2 4,196.3 358.8 4,555.1 3,022.3 7,577.5 637.1 60.1 7.9 55.4
Q3 4,270.1 331.4 4,601.5 2,967.1 7,568.6 592.1 60.8 7.2 56.4
Q4 4,258.8 318.3 4,577.1 2,982.0 7,559.1 573.7 60.6 7.0 56.3
2015 Q1 4,235.8 347.3 4,583.1 2,964.7 7,547.8 607.4 60.7 7.6 56.1
Q2 4,324.0 310.3 4,634.3 2,905.2 7,539.5 535.9 61.5 6.7 57.4
Q3 4,390.4 292.4 4,682.8 2,853.6 7,536.5 501.7 62.1 6.2 58.3
Q4 4,390.2 280.6 4,670.8 2,857.2 7,527.9 490.0 62.0 6.0 58.3
2016 Q1 4,390.5 272.6 4,663.0 2,852.5 7,515.6 489.0 62.0 5.8 58.4
Q2 4,476.4 234.1 4,710.5 2,797.3 7,507.8 416.2 62.7 5.0 59.6
Q3 4,521.1 226.2 4,747.3 2,759.8 7,507.1 397.6 63.2 4.8 60.2
Q4 4,540.9 205.0 4,745.9 2,753.8 7,499.6 373.0 63.3 4.3 60.5
2017 Q1 4,498.0 206.6 4,704.6 2,779.4 7,484.0 394.7 62.9 4.4 60.1
Q2 4,541.0 196.2 4,737.2 2,727.8 7,465.0 368.3 63.5 4.1 60.8
Q3 4,575.2 188.2 4,763.4 2,688.7 7,452.1 346.1 63.9 4.0 61.4
Q4 4,579.3 175.2 4,754.5 2,685.7 7,440.3 320.3 63.9 3.7 61.5
2018 Q1 4,562.4 174.6 4,737.0 2,665.8 7,402.8 320.6 64.0 3.7 61.6
Q2 4,589.9 162.4 4,752.3 2,645.0 7,397.3 310.1 64.2 3.4 62.0
Q3 4,612.0 175.0 4,787.1 2,604.8 7,391.9 310.4 64.8 3.7 62.4
Q4 4,609.2 165.7 4,774.9 2,611.5 7,386.4 305.5 64.6 3.5 62.4
2019 Q1 4,621.3 163.8 4,785.2 2,595.5 7,380.6 298.9 64.8 3.4 62.6
Q2 4,622.7 155.4 4,778.1 2,596.0 7,374.1 295.2 64.8 3.3 62.7
Q3 4,627.7 162.0 4,789.7 2,577.9 7,367.5 300.8 65.0 3.4 62.8
Q4 4,625.8 150.3 4,776.1 2,585.0 7,361.0 287.9 64.9 3.1 62.8
2020 Q1 4,579.6 171.7 4,751.3 2,602.3 7,353.6 332.5 64.6 3.6 62.3
Q2 4,524.6 212.5 4,737.1 2,607.3 7,344.4 429.1 64.5 4.5 61.6
Q3 4,588.7 206.6 4,795.3 2,539.9 7,335.2 378.0 65.4 4.3 62.6
Q4 4,582.3 194.1 4,776.3 2,549.6 7,326.0 362.1 65.2 4.1 62.5
2021 Q1 4,536.3 213.0 4,749.3 2,567.6 7,316.9 432.1 64.9 4.5 62.0
Q2 4,596.9 195.1 4,792.0 2,516.4 7,308.3 361.2 65.6 4.1 62.9
Q3 4,640.3 187.5 4,827.8 2,472.0 7,299.8 318.6 66.1 3.9 63.6
Q4 4,665.5 178.1 4,843.6 2,447.6 7,291.2 298.0 66.4 3.7 64.0
2022 Q1 4,650.7 178.5 4,829.2 2,454.3 7,283.5 295.3 66.3 3.7 63.9
Q2 4,666.9 153.9 4,820.8 2,457.2 7,278.0 258.3 66.2 3.2 64.1
Q3 4,684.0 175.3 4,859.3 2,413.1 7,272.4 276.7 66.8 3.6 64.4
Q4 4,677.0 188.3 4,865.3 2,403.1 7,268.4 299.8 66.9 3.9 64.3
2023 Q1 4,668.8 197.0 4,865.8 2,399.0 7,264.8 296.4 67.0 4.0 64.3
Q2 4,699.2 191.6 4,890.8 2,366.1 7,256.9 289.4 67.4 3.9 64.8
Q3 4,709.6 198.3 4,908.0 2,342.7 7,250.7 292.6 67.7 4.0 65.0
Q4 4,712.3 217.9 4,930.2 2,314.2 7,244.4 313.3 68.1 4.4 65.0
2024 Q1 4,690.1 226.8 4,916.9 2,318.9 7,235.8 323.7 68.0 4.6 64.8
Q2 4,709.8 213.9 4,923.7 2,303.6 7,227.3 312.8 68.1 4.3 65.2
Q3 4,708.6 224.6 4,933.2 2,286.7 7,219.8 316.5 68.3 4.6 65.2
Q4
Of which:
male
2009 Q1 2,014.5 225.4 2,239.8 1,438.0 3,677.8 354.8 60.9 10.1 54.8
Q2 2,040.4 224.0 2,264.3 1,412.7 3,677.1 340.8 61.6 9.9 55.5
Q3 2,029.0 238.9 2,267.8 1,408.5 3,676.3 366.2 61.7 10.5 55.2
Q4 2,020.2 239.1 2,259.4 1,416.3 3,675.6 374.2 61.5 10.6 55.0
2010 Q1 1,953.8 282.9 2,236.7 1,438.3 3,674.9 422.3 60.9 12.6 53.2
Q2 1,990.6 266.9 2,257.6 1,416.7 3,674.2 395.3 61.4 11.8 54.2
Q3 2,020.6 248.9 2,269.5 1,404.0 3,673.5 374.8 61.8 11.0 55.0
Q4 2,010.7 248.2 2,258.8 1,414.0 3,672.8 379.4 61.5 11.0 54.7
2011 Q1 1,970.1 274.9 2,245.0 1,427.1 3,672.1 426.7 61.1 12.2 53.7
Q2 2,023.8 245.1 2,269.0 1,402.5 3,671.4 391.1 61.8 10.8 55.1
Q3 2,053.3 243.3 2,296.6 1,374.1 3,670.7 389.7 62.6 10.6 55.9
Q4 2,043.4 242.6 2,286.0 1,387.3 3,673.2 390.7 62.2 10.6 55.6
2012 Q1 1,999.6 280.5 2,280.1 1,398.5 3,678.7 431.1 62.0 12.3 54.4
Q2 2,043.0 266.3 2,309.3 1,367.3 3,676.6 412.8 62.8 11.5 55.6
Q3 2,078.2 250.5 2,328.7 1,346.7 3,675.4 397.8 63.4 10.8 56.5
Q4 2,076.9 251.0 2,327.9 1,346.7 3,674.6 405.5 63.4 10.8 56.5
2013 Q1 2,013.8 282.4 2,296.2 1,376.4 3,672.6 467.3 62.5 12.3 54.8
Q2 2,107.0 235.7 2,342.8 1,326.1 3,668.9 393.3 63.9 10.1 57.4
Q3 2,144.6 228.6 2,373.2 1,292.8 3,666.0 371.9 64.7 9.6 58.5
Q4 2,153.0 210.3 2,363.3 1,299.9 3,663.2 349.3 64.5 8.9 58.8
2014 Q1 2,185.2 192.0 2,377.1 1,282.4 3,659.6 352.7 65.0 8.1 59.7
Q2 2,207.8 191.5 2,399.3 1,256.0 3,655.3 328.0 65.6 8.0 60.4
Q3 2,252.6 172.5 2,425.1 1,227.0 3,652.0 297.6 66.4 7.1 61.7
Q4 2,238.1 171.0 2,409.0 1,239.4 3,648.4 289.7 66.0 7.1 61.3
2015 Q1 2,220.9 186.3 2,407.2 1,236.8 3,644.0 309.7 66.1 7.7 60.9
Q2 2,278.0 163.5 2,441.5 1,199.8 3,641.3 274.5 67.1 6.7 62.6
Q3 2,319.3 151.8 2,471.1 1,170.2 3,641.3 257.0 67.9 6.1 63.7
Q4 2,318.0 146.1 2,464.1 1,174.4 3,638.5 249.5 67.7 5.9 63.7
2016 Q1 2,314.2 147.0 2,461.2 1,172.6 3,633.8 253.9 67.7 6.0 63.7
Q2 2,359.1 131.4 2,490.5 1,140.8 3,631.4 215.9 68.6 5.3 65.0
Q3 2,384.2 121.6 2,505.9 1,126.7 3,632.6 204.6 69.0 4.9 65.6
Q4 2,393.1 109.9 2,503.0 1,127.0 3,630.1 186.2 69.0 4.4 65.9
2017 Q1 2,378.0 108.9 2,486.9 1,136.0 3,622.9 195.8 68.6 4.4 65.6
Q2 2,417.6 100.1 2,517.7 1,096.5 3,614.1 179.7 69.7 4.0 66.9
Q3 2,437.2 90.9 2,528.1 1,080.8 3,608.9 163.7 70.1 3.6 67.5
Q4 2,437.0 83.0 2,520.0 1,084.3 3,604.3 149.3 69.9 3.3 67.6
2018 Q1 2,435.7 87.6 2,523.3 1,082.2 3,605.5 155.7 70.0 3.5 67.6
Q2 2,448.7 87.7 2,536.4 1,068.5 3,604.9 150.5 70.4 3.5 67.9
Q3 2,463.5 84.7 2,548.2 1,056.2 3,604.4 149.2 70.7 3.3 68.3
Q4 2,464.4 90.5 2,554.8 1,049.0 3,603.8 157.9 70.9 3.5 68.4
2019 Q1 2,481.7 89.6 2,571.3 1,031.8 3,603.0 155.0 71.4 3.5 68.9
Q2 2,475.9 88.0 2,563.9 1,038.0 3,601.9 154.4 71.2 3.4 68.7
Q3 2,487.5 84.9 2,572.3 1,028.4 3,600.7 148.0 71.4 3.3 69.1
Q4 2,487.8 79.9 2,567.7 1,031.9 3,599.6 141.5 71.3 3.1 69.1
2020 Q1 2,455.8 92.4 2,548.2 1,049.3 3,597.5 168.4 70.8 3.6 68.3
Q2 2,426.1 113.0 2,539.1 1,054.2 3,593.3 206.9 70.7 4.4 67.5
Q3 2,467.6 110.9 2,578.5 1,010.7 3,589.1 188.2 71.8 4.3 68.8
Q4 2,469.5 102.8 2,572.4 1,012.6 3,584.9 178.7 71.8 4.0 68.9
2021 Q1 2,449.6 106.4 2,555.9 1,024.8 3,580.8 198.7 71.4 4.2 68.4
Q2 2,463.9 103.6 2,567.5 1,009.0 3,576.5 182.9 71.8 4.0 68.9
Q3 2,481.5 98.2 2,579.7 992.7 3,572.4 160.6 72.2 3.8 69.5
Q4 2,490.2 89.7 2,579.9 988.3 3,568.2 148.1 72.3 3.5 69.8
2022 Q1 2,484.5 97.7 2,582.2 982.3 3,564.5 152.6 72.4 3.8 69.7
Q2 2,491.4 86.0 2,577.4 984.6 3,562.0 135.5 72.4 3.3 69.9
Q3 2,500.4 96.0 2,596.4 963.0 3,559.4 144.1 72.9 3.7 70.2
Q4 2,490.9 101.9 2,592.8 966.6 3,559.5 159.0 72.8 3.9 70.0
2023 Q1 2,492.5 104.5 2,597.0 965.2 3,562.2 154.4 72.9 4.0 70.0
Q2 2,510.6 104.0 2,614.6 945.4 3,560.0 148.7 73.4 4.0 70.5
Q3 2,523.5 103.2 2,626.8 932.0 3,558.8 138.3 73.8 3.9 70.9
Q4 2,507.1 112.5 2,619.6 938.0 3,557.6 158.0 73.6 4.3 70.5
2024 Q1 2,480.7 125.5 2,606.2 948.8 3,555.0 168.6 73.3 4.8 69.8
Q2 2,501.4 114.1 2,615.5 937.3 3,552.8 159.9 73.6 4.4 70.4
Q3 2,491.2 121.1 2,612.3 938.8 3,551.1 163.8 73.6 4.6 70.2
Q4
female
2009 Q1 1,862.6 178.2 2,040.8 1,962.8 4,003.6 302.4 51.0 8.7 46.5
Q2 1,870.0 176.4 2,046.4 1,954.5 4,000.9 302.5 51.1 8.6 46.7
Q3 1,870.5 192.3 2,062.8 1,935.4 3,998.2 326.2 51.6 9.3 46.8
Q4 1,870.8 195.6 2,066.4 1,929.1 3,995.5 330.4 51.7 9.5 46.8
2010 Q1 1,867.9 210.9 2,078.8 1,914.0 3,992.8 347.2 52.1 10.1 46.8
Q2 1,880.2 203.6 2,083.9 1,906.2 3,990.1 339.5 52.2 9.8 47.1
Q3 1,887.2 209.0 2,096.2 1,891.3 3,987.4 346.7 52.6 10.0 47.3
Q4 1,884.1 205.9 2,090.0 1,894.8 3,984.7 347.7 52.4 9.9 47.3
2011 Q1 1,861.8 217.2 2,079.1 1,903.0 3,982.1 365.3 52.2 10.4 46.8
Q2 1,877.0 213.2 2,090.2 1,889.1 3,979.4 357.5 52.5 10.2 47.2
Q3 1,888.9 213.0 2,101.9 1,874.7 3,976.6 366.2 52.9 10.1 47.5
Q4 1,893.5 212.4 2,105.9 1,865.8 3,971.7 366.4 53.0 10.1 47.7
2012 Q1 1,870.7 225.5 2,096.2 1,868.6 3,964.8 380.1 52.9 10.8 47.2
Q2 1,907.2 205.7 2,112.9 1,848.0 3,960.9 370.3 53.3 9.7 48.2
Q3 1,941.4 203.2 2,144.6 1,813.1 3,957.6 375.5 54.2 9.5 49.1
Q4 1,917.8 208.4 2,126.2 1,828.4 3,954.6 388.1 53.8 9.8 48.5
2013 Q1 1,892.8 212.3 2,105.1 1,845.2 3,950.3 392.0 53.3 10.1 47.9
Q2 1,921.3 204.1 2,125.3 1,819.2 3,944.5 379.2 53.9 9.6 48.7
Q3 1,937.1 200.3 2,137.4 1,801.9 3,939.3 362.8 54.3 9.4 49.2
Q4 1,947.5 187.2 2,134.6 1,799.5 3,934.1 345.1 54.3 8.8 49.5
2014 Q1 1,980.0 171.1 2,151.0 1,777.2 3,928.3 329.2 54.8 8.0 50.4
Q2 1,988.6 167.3 2,155.8 1,766.3 3,922.1 309.1 55.0 7.8 50.7
Q3 2,017.6 158.9 2,176.5 1,740.1 3,916.6 294.5 55.6 7.3 51.5
Q4 2,020.7 147.3 2,168.0 1,742.6 3,910.7 284.0 55.4 6.8 51.7
2015 Q1 2,014.9 161.0 2,175.9 1,727.9 3,903.9 297.7 55.7 7.4 51.6
Q2 2,046.0 146.8 2,192.8 1,705.4 3,898.2 261.4 56.3 6.7 52.5
Q3 2,071.1 140.7 2,211.7 1,683.4 3,895.1 244.7 56.8 6.4 53.2
Q4 2,072.2 134.4 2,206.6 1,682.8 3,889.4 240.5 56.7 6.1 53.3
2016 Q1 2,076.3 125.6 2,201.8 1,679.9 3,881.7 235.1 56.7 5.7 53.5
Q2 2,117.3 102.6 2,219.9 1,656.4 3,876.4 200.3 57.3 4.6 54.6
Q3 2,136.8 104.6 2,241.4 1,633.2 3,874.6 193.1 57.8 4.7 55.2
Q4 2,147.8 95.0 2,242.8 1,626.7 3,869.6 186.8 58.0 4.2 55.5
2017 Q1 2,120.0 97.8 2,217.7 1,643.4 3,861.2 198.8 57.4 4.4 54.9
Q2 2,123.4 96.2 2,219.6 1,631.3 3,850.9 188.6 57.6 4.3 55.1
Q3 2,138.0 97.3 2,235.3 1,607.9 3,843.2 182.4 58.2 4.4 55.6
Q4 2,142.4 92.2 2,234.6 1,601.5 3,836.0 171.0 58.3 4.1 55.8
2018 Q1 2,126.7 87.0 2,213.7 1,583.6 3,797.3 165.0 58.3 3.9 56.0
Q2 2,141.3 74.6 2,215.9 1,576.5 3,792.4 159.6 58.4 3.4 56.5
Q3 2,148.6 90.3 2,238.9 1,548.6 3,787.5 161.1 59.1 4.0 56.7
Q4 2,144.8 75.3 2,220.1 1,562.6 3,782.7 147.7 58.7 3.4 56.7
2019 Q1 2,139.7 74.2 2,213.9 1,563.7 3,777.6 144.0 58.6 3.4 56.6
Q2 2,146.8 67.4 2,214.2 1,558.0 3,772.2 140.8 58.7 3.0 56.9
Q3 2,140.2 77.2 2,217.3 1,549.5 3,766.8 152.8 58.9 3.5 56.8
Q4 2,138.0 70.4 2,208.4 1,553.0 3,761.4 146.4 58.7 3.2 56.8
2020 Q1 2,123.8 79.3 2,203.1 1,553.0 3,756.1 164.1 58.7 3.6 56.5
Q2 2,098.5 99.5 2,198.0 1,553.1 3,751.1 222.2 58.6 4.5 55.9
Q3 2,121.1 95.7 2,216.8 1,529.2 3,746.1 189.8 59.2 4.3 56.6
Q4 2,112.7 91.2 2,203.9 1,537.1 3,741.0 183.5 58.9 4.1 56.5
2021 Q1 2,086.7 106.7 2,193.4 1,542.8 3,736.2 233.5 58.7 4.9 55.9
Q2 2,133.0 91.5 2,224.5 1,507.3 3,731.8 178.3 59.6 4.1 57.2
Q3 2,158.8 89.3 2,248.1 1,479.3 3,727.4 158.0 60.3 4.0 57.9
Q4 2,175.2 88.5 2,263.7 1,459.2 3,723.0 149.9 60.8 3.9 58.4
2022 Q1 2,166.2 80.9 2,247.0 1,471.9 3,719.0 142.7 60.4 3.6 58.2
Q2 2,175.5 68.0 2,243.4 1,472.6 3,716.0 122.8 60.4 3.0 58.5
Q3 2,183.6 79.3 2,262.9 1,450.2 3,713.1 132.6 60.9 3.5 58.8
Q4 2,186.1 86.4 2,272.5 1,436.4 3,708.9 140.8 61.3 3.8 58.9
2023 Q1 2,176.3 92.5 2,268.8 1,433.8 3,702.6 142.0 61.3 4.1 58.8
Q2 2,188.6 87.7 2,276.2 1,420.7 3,697.0 140.7 61.6 3.9 59.2
Q3 2,186.1 95.1 2,281.2 1,410.7 3,691.9 154.3 61.8 4.2 59.2
Q4 2,205.2 105.3 2,310.5 1,376.3 3,686.8 155.3 62.7 4.6 59.8
2024 Q1 2,209.4 101.3 2,310.7 1,370.1 3,680.8 155.1 62.8 4.4 60.0
Q2 2,208.4 99.8 2,308.2 1,366.3 3,674.6 152.9 62.8 4.3 60.1
Q3 2,217.4 103.5 2,320.9 1,347.9 3,668.7 152.7 63.3 4.5 60.4
Q4

Footnotes

*From 25 October 2024 onwards, the Labour Force Survey estimates are produced using population projections based on the 2022 Census. The data has been extrapolated back to 2018 using the new base. Source: labour force survey, HCSO.
aFrom 2021, the potential labor reserve determin according to the Eurostat methodology.

Explanation of symbols

__, |
Break in series (limited comparability).
green number
Revised datum.
.