Indicators 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
reference year
By age group and sex
Total 22.9 20.9 19.9 17.9 20.3 21.6 23.4 26.3 27.8 24.0 19.4 16.2 14.5 10.1 8.7 8.0 8.3
Male 22.6 20.8 19.6 17.3 20.2 21.5 23.0 25.8 27.7 23.7 19.1 16.1 14.3 9.9 8.7 7.8 8.1
Female 23.1 21.0 20.1 18.4 20.4 21.6 23.7 26.8 27.8 24.4 19.6 16.3 14.7 10.3 8.8 8.1 8.5
0–17 27.5 24.8 24.4 21.5 25.5 28.8 30.4 34.1 35.6 31.9 24.9 21.1 19.2 15.2 13.1 11.0 11.3
18–64 22.2 20.2 19.0 17.6 20.1 21.3 23.3 26.1 28.1 23.8 19.2 16.5 14.7 10.1 8.3 7.5 8.0
Male 21.9 20.2 18.7 17.1 20.2 21.1 22.9 25.7 28.1 23.6 19.2 16.7 14.7 10.0 8.3 7.2 7.7
Female 22.4 20.1 19.3 18.1 20.1 21.4 23.6 26.5 28.2 24.1 19.2 16.3 14.6 10.2 8.3 7.8 8.2
65+ 19.9 18.6 17.2 14.4 14.6 14.1 16.2 18.6 17.8 16.5 14.2 10.2 9.4 5.6 6.0 6.7 6.6
Male 15.8 14.6 14.3 11.8 11.9 10.1 11.2 13.7 12.6 13.3 10.4 7.5 6.8 4.1 4.8 5.3 5.5
Female 22.3 20.9 18.9 15.9 16.2 16.4 19.2 21.4 20.8 18.3 16.4 11.8 11.0 6.5 6.8 7.6 7.2
By educational attainment
Basic level at most 32.6 33.9 31.7 28.4 30.9 33.0 36.8 42.3 44.2 41.7 36.8 31.6 29.4 22.8 21.2 20.6 19.9
secondary level 18.8 16.8 16.4 15.0 17.5 18.1 20.0 22.4 24.0 20.4 16.5 13.7 11.1 7.3 6.0 5.3 5.9
higher level 4.9 5.8 5.1 5.7 6.3 6.4 7.0 8.9 9.9 6.4 5.4 3.3 3.4 1.1 1.2 1.7 1.7
By income quintiles
1. decile 46.4 46.6 44.7 40.7 44.7 49.1 56.2 61.3 64.9 58.7 51.7 41.9 31.1 36.2 26.6 23.4 27.6
2. decile 32.6 28.4 25.8 22.2 25.7 27.6 28.6 32.9 36.1 30.4 24.1 22.7 23.1 11.2 11.5 11.0 9.4
3. decile 18.1 17.2 16.2 14.6 15.9 17.3 17.8 20.2 21.5 19.1 13.1 10.1 11.8 3.1 4.7 4.1 2.9
4. decile 11.8 8.4 9.6 8.8 11.3 9.9 10.5 12.4 11.5 8.8 6.3 5.3 5.3 1.2 1.7 0.9 1.3
5. decile 5.4 4.1 3.1 3.1 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.8 4.9 3.1 1.4 1.2 1.6 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4
By the most frequent activity and sex
Employed 17.9 14.2 14.0 12.8 15.4 15.4 16.4 18.3 20.9 16.9 13.4 12.3 11.2 7.2 5.6 4.8 5.1
Male 18.5 14.7 14.3 13.0 15.7 15.5 16.0 18.1 20.5 16.4 13.7 12.2 11.0 7.2 5.9 5.0 ..
Female 17.3 13.5 13.8 12.6 15.1 15.3 16.8 18.5 21.4 17.5 13.1 12.4 11.4 7.2 5.4 4.6 ..
Unemployed 42.4 48.9 45.3 42.7 47.4 48.1 53.2 60.7 59.9 57.9 54.8 46.9 43.3 41.5 44.7 37.5 35.9
Male 46.9 52.4 49.2 42.2 49.6 51.5 54.3 62.0 63.4 60.0 55.6 50.0 48.2 46.9 47.3 40.8 ..
Female 38.4 44.7 41.1 43.4 44.8 43.8 51.8 59.1 55.9 55.3 53.8 42.4 36.1 35.1 42.2 34.2 ..
Pensioner 24.4 21.5 20.1 17.2 14.5 15.1 16.0 18.6 19.0 17.3 14.4 11.3 10.2 6.0 6.2 6.5 6.3
Male 22.4 19.6 18.7 15.9 11.7 11.5 11.9 13.9 15.2 14.6 12.0 8.8 8.2 4.8 5.8 5.2 ..
Female 25.6 22.8 21.0 18.1 16.1 17.2 18.5 21.4 21.3 19.0 15.7 12.7 11.3 6.8 6.5 7.2 ..
Other inactive 24.3 23.9 23.1 21.0 25.7 27.1 30.2 32.9 35.3 28.8 26.2 21.7 19.9 15.3 14.2 13.1 13.3
Male 22.0 22.8 21.3 21.1 27.2 27.0 30.3 34.1 37.1 28.4 24.7 23.1 19.2 14.3 14.1 11.9 ..
Female 25.2 24.4 23.8 21.0 24.9 27.1 30.1 32.2 34.2 29.1 27.2 20.8 20.3 15.9 14.3 13.8 ..
By household type
Households without dependent children 20.9 19.3 17.0 15.8 17.0 17.5 20.2 22.8 23.4 20.4 17.0 14.2 12.9 8.2 7.3 7.0 6.9
Of which:
single person 25.9 27.1 24.0 23.4 23.1 23.7 29.4 31.2 30.1 26.2 22.7 19.5 18.1 12.5 11.4 10.6 10.7
male 24.9 30.2 24.8 25.8 24.4 25.5 30.1 32.3 33.5 28.7 27.1 24.5 19.5 15.3 13.7 12.3 11.0
female 26.5 25.8 23.6 22.3 22.6 22.8 29.1 30.6 28.2 24.7 19.9 15.9 17.2 10.6 9.6 9.4 10.6
younger than 65 28.5 31.4 26.9 26.1 26.5 28.4 34.4 36.3 36.9 31.7 27.9 25.7 23.7 17.8 15.0 11.9 11.7
65 year old or older 23.0 23.1 21.3 20.8 19.8 18.6 23.7 25.2 22.4 19.8 16.4 12.1 11.7 6.7 7.2 9.1 9.7
two adults (<65) without dependent children 20.1 19.1 15.2 16.4 18.0 18.9 20.8 23.5 24.8 21.8 16.1 13.2 13.2 7.2 7.6 6.9 5.7
Households with dependent children 24.6 22.2 22.1 19.6 23.0 24.9 26.3 29.6 32.0 27.6 21.6 18.4 16.3 12.2 10.3 8.9 9.6
Of which:
single person with dependent children 37.9 37.3 36.7 34.8 37.0 41.3 38.9 42.1 44.3 47.1 41.2 42.3 29.9 21.2 16.1 20.3 16.8
two adults with one dependent child 18.1 17.9 18.0 16.1 17.7 19.2 20.3 24.2 26.9 20.1 17.1 14.2 12.3 7.4 6.8 6.0 6.3
two adults with two dependent children 17.6 15.4 16.0 14.4 16.4 17.4 18.5 19.6 22.4 17.4 11.9 9.6 8.3 4.3 3.6 5.4 5.2
two adults with three or more dependent children 35.8 33.2 33.4 28.8 32.4 35.2 38.3 47.1 43.2 38.3 28.9 22.9 25.1 22.0 19.2 13.3 14.4
In Roma and non-Roma population
Roma .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 78.1 67.8 63.9 55.5 53.7 43.4 30.9 46.3
Non-Roma .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 22.1 18.1 14.7 13.8 9.1 7.5 7.5 7.0
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