Denomination Total 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
income decile
2021
Percentage distribution of dwellings by the type of occupation
Owner without outstanding mortgage 74.9 72.4 69.9 75.8 79.3 74.9
Owner with outstanding mortgage 14.2 13.5 17.5 14.3 12.6 13.9
Tenant, rent at market price 4.3 5.2 4.3 3.4 3.6 4.9
Tenant, rent at reduced price 3.4 4.5 4.4 3.2 2.2 3.2
Tenant, rent free 3.3 4.4 3.9 3.3 2.2 3.0
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Percentage distribution of dwellings by the type of primary heating system
District heating 16.0 11.2 13.1 13.7 17.2 21.5
Central heating, with boilers heating several apartments in a buildinga 6.3 4.8 5.1 6.4 6.6 7.7
Central heating for one dwellingb 48.4 40.1 46.3 49.6 51.8 51.4
Individual heating systemc 28.9 43.4 34.4 30.0 24.2 19.2
Non-fixed heating 0.4 0.5 1.1 0.3 0.2 0.1
Without heating 0.0 – 0.1 – – 0.1
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Percentage share of electric or heat pump systems for heating 2.6 1.7 2.8 1.8 2.7 3.7
Percentage distribution of dwellings by energy sources for heatingd
Gas 61.2 49.8 54.8 64.6 66.0 65.7
Electricity 5.1 4.1 5.5 4.2 4.4 6.7
Firewood, other wood and plant materiale 32.1 47.3 42.3 34.8 26.3 18.8
Coal productsf 1.1 1.7 1.7 1.1 0.8 0.6
Fuel oil 0.0 0.1 – – – –
Alternative resourceg 0.7 0.3 1.1 0.6 0.7 1.0
Other 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7
Average area of dwellings, m² 84.3 82.8 83.4 83.9 85.0 85.6
2022
Percentage distribution of dwellings by the type of occupation
Owner without outstanding mortgage 78.8 74.2 80.6 81.9 80.7 75.8
Owner with outstanding mortgage 10.5 8.9 9.5 9.7 10.3 13.2
Tenant, rent at market price 4.5 5.7 3.2 2.6 5.0 5.9
Tenant, rent at reduced price 3.1 5.6 3.4 3.3 1.9 2.1
Tenant, rent free 3.1 5.6 3.3 2.4 2.1 2.9
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Percentage distribution of dwellings by the type of primary heating system
District heating 15.2 10.3 12.5 15.9 17.0 18.2
Central heating, with boilers heating several apartments in a buildinga 6.1 3.1 5.6 4.8 6.8 8.8
Central heating for one dwellingb 49.4 37.8 45.9 48.7 53.0 56.8
Individual heating systemc 29.0 47.7 35.6 30.3 23.0 16.0
Non-fixed heating 0.3 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1
Without heating 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Distribution of dwellings by energy source used for primary heating, %"
Gas 57.3 42.9 53.1 57.5 60.6 66.5
Electricity 3.6 3.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.0
Biofuel biomassh 0.1 0.1 0.2 – – –
Firewood 22.8 42.6 30.5 22.3 17.4 9.6
Coal productsf 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0
Fuel oil 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3
Alternative resourceg 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.8
Other 0.2 0.1 – 0.2 0.3 0.4
Average area of dwellings, m² 85.1 80.7 84.8 83.7 86.2 88.4
2023
Percentage distribution of dwellings by the type of occupation
Owner without outstanding mortgage 78.5 80.2 77.2 79.0 78.9 77.4
Owner with outstanding mortgage 10.0 6.7 10.5 11.2 10.9 10.4
Tenant, rent at market price 4.8 4.7 5.5 3.0 5.0 5.8
Tenant, rent at reduced price 3.3 3.2 3.5 3.8 2.9 3.3
Tenant, rent free 3.3 5.3 3.2 3.0 2.3 3.2
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Percentage distribution of dwellings by the type of primary heating system
District heating 14.6 9.9 9.8 13.5 17.0 19.7
Central heating, with boilers heating several apartments in a buildinga 6.0 4.5 6.0 5.6 5.6 7.8
Central heating for one dwellingb 49.7 38.7 46.3 54.0 53.1 53.3
Individual heating systemc 29.3 46.6 37.5 26.5 24.2 18.9
Non-fixed heating 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.3
Without heating 0.0 – 0.1 – – –
Total
Distribution of dwellings by energy source used for primary heating, %"
Gas 57.3 47.2 52.0 58.3 60.1 64.3
Electricity 4.7 4.0 4.4 5.4 4.3 5.0
Biofuel biomassh 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.1
Firewood 21.9 38.1 32.3 21.6 17.2 8.8
Coal productsf 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0
Fuel oil 0.1 – 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1
Alternative resourceg 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.8 1.1
Other 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.9
Average area of dwellings, m² 85 83 87 86 87 85

Footnotes

aThe heat generator is in the building but not in the apartment.
bThe heat generator is in the dwelling, e.g. radiator, underfloor, wall heating.
cE.g. convector, stove, fireplace.
dA household may have several heating methods, district heating is not listed.
ePellets, fabric.
fCoke, briquettes, lignite, black coal, etc.
gSolar, ground heat, wind, etc.
hPellets, wood pellets, other vegetable materials.

Explanation of symbols

–
Non-occurrence.
0
Less than half of unit.
blue number
Preliminary datum.
.