Denomination Ratio
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Distribution of startup founders by age-group
under 25 years of age 5.8 7.9 9.4 8.0 10.5
25-34 year old 29.7 30.8 31.4 31.4 28.9
35-44 year old 35.7 34.8 31.2 30.7 28.8
45-54 year old 15.8 17.2 18.1 21.0 23.8
55-64 year old 7.7 6.9 7.0 6.0 5.2
65 years of age and over 5.3 2.5 2.9 2.9 2.8
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Of which: females 26.6 24.8 23.7 22.0 25.3
Distribution of startup founders by highest educational attainment
Founders with Phd, DLA degree 4.0 6.2 6.8 6.7 6.8
Founders with tertiary level degree 57.5 61.5 63.0 64.1 57.4
Founders with secondary level degree 36.9 30.2 27.2 27.1 29.1
Other / no available data 1.6 2.2 3.0 2.2 6.7
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Distribution of startup enterprises by number of founders
1 founder 42.3 41.2 37.8 42.9 44.7
2 or 3 founders 50.4 50.6 51.6 46.4 45.4
More than 3 founders 7.4 8.2 10.6 10.7 9.8
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Of which: enterprises with a founder of foreign nationality 8.5 9.4 7.8 7.7 7.2
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