Country, group of countries 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Austria 9.8 9.8 9.8 9.5 9.8 9.9 10.3 11.0 11.2 11.7 12.1 11.4 12.9 12.4 12.3 12.2 12.6 12.6 12.0 12.4 12.4 12.7 12.2 13.0
Belgium 13.4 13.1 13.3 13.5 13.6 13.8 13.7 14.4 14.0 14.4 15.0 15.1 13.5 14.3 12.1 10.3 14.7 14.5 11.3 15.1 13.3 17.3 15.8 13.6
Bulgaria 9.9 10.3 10.6 10.2 10.3 10.6 11.0 9.9 10.2 9.7 10.5 12.2 11.7 10.7 11.3 12.0 11.3 11.7 12.0 11.7 10.8 12.1 13.2 10.5
Cyprus 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3
Czechia 30.8 31.5 31.7 33.8 33.5 33.2 33.9 34.0 33.2 31.6 31.9 32.4 32.4 30.3 29.5 28.6 27.0 27.4 27.3 26.6 23.5 24.4 25.3 23.2
Denmark 27.8 27.2 28.6 28.5 31.1 31.3 29.6 27.1 26.7 24.0 23.4 20.7 18.9 16.8 16.2 16.2 15.3 15.6 13.9 12.5 9.5 9.5 10.0 9.9
Estonia 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.7 4.2 3.8 5.1 5.1 4.8 5.4 5.3 4.9 5.3 5.9 6.0 5.1 4.4 4.4 4.7 4.6
Finland 14.9 15.3 16.1 15.9 15.9 16.7 18.2 16.1 16.5 16.2 17.1 16.8 16.9 17.7 17.8 17.2 17.3 18.3 19.5 19.0 18.1 19.5 19.6 21.9
France 129.1 130.5 132.5 134.2 135.4 135.8 135.1 133.5 136.0 129.8 136.7 137.7 136.8 138.8 139.8 141.1 133.8 131.8 137.8 134.5 122.8 131.0 108.1 122.1
Greece 10.0 10.0 10.3 10.0 10.4 10.4 10.1 10.2 9.9 10.1 9.5 9.7 10.5 9.4 8.9 8.5 6.8 7.5 7.5 6.4 5.0 5.2 5.3 5.3
Netherlands 58.5 61.3 61.3 59.0 68.2 62.4 61.5 60.2 67.7 62.9 71.1 66.4 66.1 69.8 60.3 48.2 46.4 41.5 36.9 33.2 27.6 26.6 24.3 20.7
Croatia 4.3 4.6 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 5.0 4.9 4.8 5.0 5.2 4.6 4.2 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.2 4.2 3.9 3.7 4.0 3.7 3.8
Ireland 2.2 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.6 1.4 1.8 1.7 1.3 2.3 2.1 2.0 4.2 4.9 5.1 4.2 3.6 3.0 3.1 3.0
Poland 78.6 79.5 79.3 78.8 78.1 77.9 76.9 71.7 70.7 66.9 66.8 67.8 71.1 70.7 67.1 67.8 66.6 64.2 64.6 62.1 58.0 60.1 59.2 54.2
Latvia 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.9 3.3
Lithuania 3.5 4.4 5.2 5.6 5.4 4.1 3.7 4.1 4.1 4.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.0 2.2
Luxembourg 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Hungary 11.6 11.3 11.2 10.4 10.2 10.9 10.8 10.7 10.9 11.6 11.7 11.6 11.6 11.3 10.9 11.1 11.3 11.1 10.9 10.8 10.6 10.6 10.6 10.6
Malta 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1
Germany 135.2 134.5 134.4 136.0 138.0 137.8 140.5 138.5 136.3 129.0 131.7 125.1 126.4 124.0 121.0 120.5 115.9 115.6 113.3 105.3 97.9 103.6 97.2 83.2
Italy 28.2 26.8 28.3 29.9 29.1 30.2 30.1 31.1 32.9 31.6 32.9 31.9 35.0 36.8 36.7 36.1 33.5 36.7 37.3 36.9 37.5 37.1 34.7 36.1
Portugal 3.8 4.1 3.6 4.3 3.9 3.6 4.4 4.6 4.5 4.9 5.8 5.5 4.7 5.8 6.6 5.9 6.6 5.8 6.5 6.6 6.8 7.0 6.7 7.3
Romania 28.5 27.7 29.2 29.4 28.6 27.9 28.0 27.7 28.9 28.2 27.4 27.5 27.2 25.8 26.3 26.4 24.7 25.5 25.1 24.5 22.4 23.0 22.2 22.0
Spain 31.3 33.2 31.4 32.8 32.4 30.0 31.2 30.1 30.2 30.5 34.5 32.1 33.6 34.9 35.6 34.1 34.4 34.0 34.3 34.7 35.4 35.6 36.0 37.4
Sweden 30.0 33.3 31.3 30.5 33.9 33.8 32.0 32.6 32.3 28.9 31.8 33.2 35.6 34.5 34.9 35.8 35.3 36.5 36.6 37.0 34.5 35.7 35.7 34.3
Slovakia 6.3 6.6 6.7 6.5 6.3 6.4 6.5 5.8 6.3 5.8 6.7 6.8 7.0 7.1 6.7 7.0 6.9 7.0 6.5 6.9 6.8 7.0 6.8 7.2
Slovenia 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.9 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.3 3.0 3.2
EU27_2020 675.9 685.4 689.5 694.3 710.3 703.2 703.8 690.4 698.8 668.5 696.0 683.1 689.6 690.6 673.6 658.1 642.4 640.9 637.4 618.1 573.1 598.2 563.0 553.1
United Kingdom 272.5 262.4 259.4 247.5 225.6 205.3 186.9 176.2 166.6 157.4 147.9 129.2 115.8 108.5 106.8 117.0 118.8 119.1 122.2 120.6 116.6 100.3 103.3 93.7
North Macedonia 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9
Montenegro .. .. .. .. .. 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8
Norway 217.6 227.2 233.5 234.5 236.1 231.5 222.6 215.0 220.0 217.1 210.0 200.3 206.4 196.3 196.8 207.6 209.8 215.1 207.3 195.6 209.0 214.3 216.8 218.3
Russia 978.1 1,008.3 1,046.4 1,119.6 1,172.5 1,203.4 1,227.1 1,239.3 1,254.1 1,190.7 1,279.5 1,299.5 1,316.1 1,331.0 1,319.5 1,334.4 1,373.7 1,429.2 1,477.4 1,494.0 1,394.6 1,511.2 1,443.8 ..
Switzerland 11.9 12.5 12.1 12.2 11.9 10.9 12.1 12.5 12.6 12.6 12.4 12.1 12.5 12.7 13.0 11.9 11.3 11.1 12.4 13.1 12.5 11.4 11.9 12.8
Serbia 11.7 11.3 11.6 11.9 12.0 10.2 10.5 10.5 10.7 10.2 10.6 11.2 10.8 11.4 9.4 10.8 10.7 10.5 10.0 10.2 11.0 10.2 9.6 9.5
Türkiye 26.4 24.5 24.3 24.4 24.1 23.7 26.2 27.5 28.7 29.6 31.4 30.8 30.5 29.1 28.8 31.5 35.7 36.5 39.9 45.1 43.6 46.2 50.5 48.9
India 327.7 334.3 342.3 353.6 365.8 377.1 390.9 405.8 420.5 453.1 469.2 480.4 489.1 494.8 513.6 526.0 538.3 549.4 576.4 577.5 568.1 608.9 664.2 ..
Israel 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.7 2.1 2.6 3.0 3.9 3.3 3.9 4.7 2.5 5.1 6.0 6.6 7.3 7.7 7.9 8.2 13.8 17.1 19.4 21.8
Japan 104.5 103.1 97.6 84.9 96.3 101.7 102.9 92.3 90.8 96.6 101.1 53.1 30.1 29.4 27.6 31.5 34.5 40.7 49.7 50.0 43.3 53.5 49.5 57.3
China 1,123.6 1,176.3 1,226.9 1,375.1 1,534.2 1,671.4 1,792.7 1,916.6 1,967.0 2,051.6 2,235.4 2,384.7 2,400.0 2,465.4 2,508.1 2,502.9 2,356.7 2,452.2 2,593.4 2,714.1 2,786.4 2,965.8 3,138.2 ..
Republic of Korea 32.5 33.1 34.8 37.9 38.4 42.9 43.7 42.5 44.6 44.2 44.9 46.9 46.2 43.5 49.0 51.3 51.3 49.0 45.1 48.2 52.7 52.4 57.8 59.4
South Africa 140.3 139.3 138.5 147.4 151.2 151.3 150.4 151.2 153.9 152.0 154.7 153.5 156.0 155.6 157.5 154.6 154.8 155.6 154.7 154.7 148.6 140.8 138.3 ..
Brazil 148.3 152.4 168.3 179.2 183.4 195.7 207.4 217.5 229.3 231.5 247.7 249.5 251.0 252.9 267.2 278.0 285.3 294.9 297.2 312.5 322.7 314.4 329.4 361.9
United States 1,666.4 1,687.7 1,654.9 1,633.4 1,644.6 1,630.1 1,653.3 1,667.9 1,700.8 1,684.9 1,723.3 1,781.5 1,812.3 1,869.9 2,007.0 2,019.2 1,912.2 1,989.0 2,154.2 2,306.2 2,156.9 2,214.3 2,318.5 2,398.8
Canada 373.5 377.6 384.6 386.8 399.1 400.2 417.3 420.7 409.4 392.8 399.8 413.5 425.5 445.1 465.7 469.8 484.4 516.2 537.5 539.2 518.9 538.3 560.4 567.5
Mexico 229.3 233.7 238.9 258.2 264.1 263.5 261.9 250.9 236.6 224.4 222.5 223.7 218.5 216.2 208.3 189.6 180.5 165.5 160.0 150.4 153.0 154.0 157.6 161.5
Australia 233.6 249.2 254.1 252.4 254.2 265.2 269.9 286.1 286.8 295.3 323.4 312.8 320.9 346.4 368.1 382.9 387.0 405.3 419.2 445.6 452.8 426.5 434.4 425.9
New Zealand 14.3 14.3 14.6 13.2 13.2 12.7 13.2 14.1 14.9 15.1 16.5 15.8 15.8 16.0 16.6 16.3 15.9 15.6 15.2 15.4 14.8 14.3 14.1 14.1

Footnotes

*Download date: 20 March 2025.
Source: Eurostat (Luxembourg); IEA Statistics online (IEA).
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