| Country, group of countries |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
2020 |
2021 |
| Austria |
9.6 |
9.5 |
9.5 |
9.7 |
10.2 |
10.2 |
10.0 |
10.2 |
10.3 |
10.4 |
10.4 |
10.4 |
10.4 |
10.4 |
10.5 |
11.4 |
12.1 |
| Belgium |
9.2 |
9.1 |
9.1 |
9.6 |
10.3 |
10.2 |
10.4 |
10.5 |
10.6 |
10.6 |
10.8 |
10.8 |
10.8 |
10.9 |
10.8 |
11.2 |
10.9 |
| Bulgaria |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
7.1 |
7.5 |
7.1 |
7.7 |
7.4 |
7.5 |
7.5 |
7.3 |
7.1 |
8.5 |
8.6 |
| Cyprus |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
6.5 |
6.4 |
6.5 |
6.9 |
6.9 |
6.8 |
6.7 |
6.6 |
6.8 |
7.1 |
8.3 |
9.1 |
| Czechia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
7.6 |
7.6 |
7.6 |
7.5 |
7.6 |
7.4 |
7.5 |
7.4 |
7.5 |
7.6 |
9.2 |
9.5 |
| Denmark |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
10.6 |
10.4 |
10.5 |
10.3 |
10.3 |
10.3 |
10.3 |
10.1 |
10.1 |
10.2 |
10.6 |
10.6 |
| Estonia |
5.3 |
5.0 |
5.2 |
6.0 |
6.8 |
6.6 |
6.1 |
6.1 |
6.3 |
6.4 |
6.6 |
6.7 |
6.6 |
6.7 |
6.8 |
7.6 |
7.6 |
| Finland |
8.3 |
8.3 |
8.1 |
8.3 |
9.2 |
9.1 |
9.2 |
9.6 |
9.8 |
9.8 |
9.7 |
9.4 |
9.1 |
9.0 |
9.2 |
9.6 |
10.1 |
| France |
.. |
10.4 |
10.3 |
10.5 |
11.3 |
11.2 |
11.2 |
11.3 |
11.4 |
11.5 |
11.5 |
11.5 |
11.4 |
11.2 |
11.1 |
12.1 |
12.3 |
| Greece |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
9.4 |
9.6 |
9.2 |
8.9 |
8.4 |
7.9 |
8.2 |
8.5 |
8.1 |
8.1 |
8.2 |
9.5 |
9.2 |
| Netherlands |
9.1 |
9.1 |
9.1 |
9.3 |
10.0 |
10.2 |
10.2 |
10.5 |
10.6 |
10.6 |
10.3 |
10.3 |
10.1 |
10.0 |
10.1 |
11.2 |
11.1 |
| Croatia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
6.4 |
6.6 |
6.7 |
6.7 |
6.6 |
6.7 |
6.8 |
7.7 |
8.1 |
| Ireland |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
10.6 |
10.6 |
10.3 |
9.5 |
7.3 |
7.5 |
7.1 |
6.9 |
6.7 |
7.1 |
6.6 |
| Poland |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
6.5 |
6.3 |
6.4 |
6.5 |
6.6 |
6.3 |
6.5 |
6.5 |
6.4 |
| Latvia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
5.4 |
5.5 |
5.7 |
6.1 |
6.0 |
6.2 |
6.6 |
7.3 |
9.1 |
| Lithuania |
.. |
5.8 |
5.8 |
6.3 |
7.4 |
6.8 |
6.5 |
6.3 |
6.1 |
6.2 |
6.5 |
6.6 |
6.5 |
6.5 |
7.0 |
7.5 |
7.8 |
| Luxembourg |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
6.0 |
5.3 |
5.2 |
5.2 |
5.1 |
5.1 |
5.1 |
5.3 |
5.5 |
5.8 |
5.7 |
| Hungary |
.. |
7.8 |
7.2 |
7.1 |
7.2 |
7.5 |
7.5 |
7.4 |
7.2 |
7.1 |
6.9 |
7.0 |
6.7 |
6.6 |
6.3 |
7.3 |
7.4 |
| Malta |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
9.1 |
8.9 |
9.0 |
8.7 |
8.5 |
9.1 |
10.6 |
10.4 |
| Germany |
10.3 |
10.2 |
10.1 |
10.3 |
11.2 |
11.1 |
10.8 |
10.9 |
11.0 |
11.0 |
11.2 |
11.2 |
11.3 |
11.5 |
11.7 |
12.7 |
12.9 |
| Italy |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
8.8 |
8.8 |
8.9 |
8.9 |
8.7 |
8.7 |
8.7 |
8.7 |
9.6 |
9.2 |
| Portugal |
9.7 |
9.4 |
9.3 |
9.6 |
10.1 |
10.0 |
9.7 |
9.7 |
9.4 |
9.3 |
9.3 |
9.4 |
9.3 |
9.4 |
9.5 |
10.6 |
11.1 |
| Romania |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
4.5 |
4.5 |
5.2 |
5.0 |
4.9 |
5.1 |
5.2 |
5.5 |
5.7 |
6.2 |
6.5 |
| Spain |
7.7 |
7.8 |
7.9 |
8.4 |
9.1 |
9.1 |
9.2 |
9.2 |
9.1 |
9.1 |
9.1 |
9.0 |
8.9 |
9.0 |
9.2 |
10.7 |
10.6 |
| Sweden |
8.2 |
8.1 |
8.0 |
8.2 |
8.8 |
8.3 |
10.4 |
10.7 |
10.9 |
11.0 |
10.8 |
10.9 |
10.8 |
10.9 |
10.8 |
11.3 |
11.2 |
| Slovakia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
7.5 |
7.5 |
6.9 |
6.8 |
7.0 |
6.8 |
6.7 |
6.9 |
7.1 |
7.8 |
| Slovenia |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
8.5 |
8.5 |
8.5 |
8.2 |
8.3 |
8.5 |
9.4 |
9.5 |
| EU27_2020 |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
10.0 |
10.0 |
10.0 |
9.9 |
9.9 |
9.9 |
10.9 |
10.9 |
| United Kingdom |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
10.0 |
10.0 |
9.9 |
9.9 |
9.8 |
9.9 |
10.2 |
.. |
.. |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
9.4 |
9.5 |
9.2 |
9.1 |
8.8 |
8.8 |
8.9 |
9.7 |
9.6 |
| Izland |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
8.2 |
8.2 |
8.2 |
8.2 |
8.1 |
8.1 |
8.3 |
8.4 |
8.6 |
9.6 |
9.7 |
| Liechtenstein |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
5.8 |
5.6 |
5.8 |
5.9 |
5.7 |
5.6 |
5.8 |
6.2 |
6.0 |
| Norway |
8.3 |
7.9 |
8.0 |
7.9 |
9.0 |
8.9 |
8.7 |
8.7 |
8.9 |
9.3 |
10.1 |
10.5 |
10.2 |
10.0 |
10.4 |
11.4 |
10.1 |
| Switzerland |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
.. |
9.9 |
10.1 |
10.1 |
10.4 |
10.4 |
10.8 |
11.0 |
11.1 |
10.8 |
11.1 |
11.7 |
11.6 |
Source: Eurostat (Luxembourg).
.
