Methodology

Statistical data on industry, from 2009 onwards, are published according to the Standard Industrial Classification of Economic Activities (TEÁOR'08), in force since 1 January 2008, which is following the industrial classification of the European Union (NACE Rev.2).

Infra-annual industry statistics considers sum of the mining, manufacturing and energy industry (B, C, and D) sections as total industry, with the official short name of: Industry, excluding water and waste management.

Source of data: monthly survey on the industry.

Scope of statistical observation: data on total industry (Stadat tables:13.2.1.2–13.2.1.4) refer to all enterprises classified into the industry, as a sum of partly full-scale surveys (more than 49 employees), partly sample surveys (between 5 and 49 employees) partly estimates from other sources (less than 5 employees). Data on subsections (13.2.1.5–13.2.1.20), groups of branches (13.2.1.21–13.2.1.28), as well as regional data (13.2.2.1–13.2.2.6) refer to enterprises with 5 or more employees. Data on orders refer only to enterprises observed by a full-scale survey in selected branches (13.2.1.30–13.2.1.35).

Comparability: Regulation (EC) No 177/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 February 2008 sets out that statistical units in the statistical register should be classified to the most detailed (4-digit) level of activity classification NACE Rev.2 (Hungarian equivalent is TEÁOR'08) according to their principal activity. The principal activity is identified as the activity, which contributes most to the total value added of the unit concerned.

HCSO has worked out a procedure to determine the principal activity of statistical units. It has been stated in the Announcement of the President of HCSO No 9003/2003 (SK.5–6.) and published in the Statistical Journal No 5–6/2003. Statistical surveys are being conducted according to the principal activity determined by this procedure.

Beyond the review on the principal activity of statistical units from reference year 2024 a review according to kind of activity unit is also taken place annually.¹

Sales of an economic organisation could derive from different activities, these activities could differ from the principal activity of the organisation. In case it acquires a significant amount of sales from this activity(ies) and has a significant impact on the data at class level (4-digit), we will classify it(s) in a class different from its principal activity during the statistical monitoring.

Main definitions, indicators

Production value: the gross output value of industrial activities of enterprises classified to the industry is calculated by correcting the net sales value of industrial activities with changes in own-produced stocks. The value of energy received for distribution and sold further is subtracted from the industrial gross output volume of electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply (netting out the multiplication).

Total sales: is similar with the net sales of industrial activities, which is the value of own industrial production including the performance of subcontractors and invoiced industrial services increased with price supports. Excise duties, registration and energy tax, as well as value added tax are excluded. The data on sales meet the current requirements of the Law on Accounting.

Export sales: export sales include the forint value of sales of own-produced industrial products and industrial products produced by subcontractors realised in the turnover of external trade to foreign countries and in foreign countries, as well as the current forint value of industrial services performed abroad and paid by foreign exchange, import purchase, or HUF. Export sales are defined as sales over the border of the Hungarian Republic. Sales towards non-resident companies with Hungarian tax numbers are considered as export sales. The export turnover shown in industrial and in external trade statistics differ. See the reason of the difference on the website, under the Metainformation/Statistical domains/International trade in goods chapter.

Domestic sales: the value of sales of own-produced industrial products and industrial products produced by indirect services, as well as the value of industrial services, realized in the turnover of domestic trade. Domestic sales are defined as sales within the border of Hungary.

Regional data (according to locations of local units): gross output of counties refers to locations of local units (not to locations of headquarters), where the effective production is carried out. The sum of these data differs from the value of industrial gross output including production value from the bordering countries. The regional data – owing to the observation and the method of estimation – can be defined only for total industry.

Volume index of gross output: it reflects changes in industrial production value netting out price influences. The index is calculated from the data on industrial production value at comparable prices (expressed at the price level of the reference period).

In the energy industry, the volume indices of production are accounted on a product base – contrary to the method generally applied in the industry based on sales value. The core of this method is made up of homogeneous product groups. Indices are compiled for the sub-branches of 3514 Trade of electricity and 3523 Trade of gas from changes in volumes of homogeneous product groups, whose source is the monthly product statistics.

Volume index of sales: it is derived from the net return sales and netting out the price movement.

Production per employee (productivity): a quotient of the volume index of industrial output and of the staff index.

Indices on a base year of 2021: seasonally and calendar effect adjusted volume index with a fixed basis on prices of January 2021 indicates changes in production and sales compared to the monthly average performance of the year 2021.² The seasonal adjustment is carried out with TRAMO-SEATS method using JDEMETRA+ software. During the seasonal adjustment certain components of calendar effect (working-day, leap-year, Easter effect) are included in those time series, where their presence can be demonstrable significantly. Owing to the behaviour of seasonal adjustment seasonally and calendar effect adjusted data can be varied for the total time series from month to month. More »

Stock of orders: it is defined as the value of orders of products and industrial services collected by enterprises. It does not include the value added tax and consumption tax, but contains the price supports. The stock of orders at the end of the month covers the value of the orders not yet performed.

To the definition of new orders belong all orders received and confirmed in the reference month, irrespective of the fact whether they were fulfilled or not. Data refer to corporations falling under full-scope observation. Observations refer to selected (working on order) branches of manufacturing. Stock of orders and new order data relate to corporations with more than 49 employees.

Method of estimation

In mining and manufacturing, enterprises with 5–49 persons are observed by a sample survey. The target population covers all working enterprises. The sampling frame is the register of the Central Statistical Office. The sampling is stratified. The method of grossing up is the multiplication of the sample mean by the sample size for the various strata. The standard error is calculated in the traditional way.

Data of enterprises with less than 5 persons are estimated from the data on value added tax of the last two years. Furthermore, the dependence of ratio between the export and domestic sales on the total sales and the actual number of operating enterprises are also considered in the estimation.

Data revision and finalisation

Data published in this work are preliminary; therefore, they can differ from the previously published ones because of data revisions. Revisions are validated quarterly. Revised data are published in the first releases of the March, June, September and December reference months. Data of the reference year from January are revised and modified at this time. We depart from this practice in reasonable cases only, if a significant error is detected. In this case we carry out an extraordinary data revision, and the corrected data are published in the next First release.

The final annual data of the previous year are revised in July–August each year. Data are published in the First release of the June reference month. This revision may change – besides the monthly volume indices and value data of the base year – the indices of the reference year, too.

The sum of partial figures, due to rounding, can vary from the total data.

Data of the important branches of the industry are published according to the subsections of the national economy. NACE Rev. 2 codes of these branches are as follow: