Area according to the administrative breakdown of the municipality and the county.
Agricultural holding is an independent unit (enterprise, household) both technically and economically, which is engaged in agricultural activity.
The enterprises engaged in any agricultural activity, regardless theirs size (called agricultural enterprise) were observed on full scope basis by mail. Agricultural enterprise is a business unit with or without legal entity excluding private entrepreneurs and private farmers.
The households with any agricultural activity reaching a certain physical threshold called private holding. The private holding (on 31 March 2000, respectively on 1 December 2003/2005/2007)
On 31 March 2000 the units providing agricultural services, as well as engaged in significant horticultural activity were considered also to private holdings.
Every work, which is in connection with production of agricultural products, and services, or with non-agricultural (secondary) activities, which are in close relation to agricultural production.
Total area of cultivated arable land area, garden (kitchen garden), orchard, vineyard, and (intensive and extensive) grassland.
It reflects changes (compared to annual average prices of base year) in prices paid to producers for agricultural products procured for processing or further sale, or sold directly to households for consumption (on market), excluding price changes of intermediate sales of agricultural products (young animals for breeding) till 2000. Indices have been calculated by the Laspeyres type formula. Indices 'previous year=100,0' are calculated at base year of 1995 till 2000, after that base year is 2000.
Highest agricultural qualifications acquired in or outside the schooling system according to grading specified below:
Until 1990 it meant the amount of production from sown area cropped with main crops. From 1991 it means the total harvested production (main, secondary, inter-, border and edge crops produced on land, garden or another land use category)
Means grouping of livestock by characteristics, or traits of the species. An animal species includes animals of similar appearance capable of producing fertile offspring e.g.: cattle, pig, horse, sheep etc.
Animals for public, farm or other slaughtering and live animals for export of animals for slaughter irrespective of the species, gender, age, weight. Data on weight of animals for slaughter is always in live weight.
Any land area under regular cultivation irrespective of the soil cultivation and whether the area is under crop production or not due to any reason, such as inland waters or fallow. Area under tree nurseries (including ornamental and orchard tree nurseries, vineyard nurseries, forest tree nurseries, but excluding those for the holdings' own requirements grown in the forest), permanent crops (e.g. alfalfa and strawberries), herbs and aromatic crops are included. Area of kitchen gardens utilised for crop and horticultural production is included in case it is not devoted for consumption of persons living on the holding.
Area of crops planted for soil fertility reproduction.
In the framework of censuses the total area of a holding is taken into account irrespective of the localisation i.e.: it is situated in the headquarters of the farm other municipality or in other country. The total area used by the farms of certain settlements can differ from the area according to the administrative boundary.
The installation and use of greenhouse and foil cultivation is linked with the cultivable area, and it includes the area of the accessible greenhouses, fixed or movable plastic foil greenhouses, glass beds, rigid and soft plastic foil tunnels in any branch of cultivation of the holding. The covered area is accounted for only once even in the case of multiple utilization. In the case of multi-layer cultivation the footing area is taken into consideration.
Average prices of agricultural products brought by producers to the markets and fairs. Form 1992 the definition of average market price is the same as the definition of supply price; the most frequent (modus) price weighted with the actual quantity of products brought to markets or fairs divided by the total actual quantity of products.
Quotient of prices paid to producers for agricultural products procured for processing or further sale (excluding VAT) and the quantity belonging to them.
A measure expressing productivity of milk production: it is the quantity of produced milk per cow.
In this report it is calculated as a quotient of total produced milk and average cow stock until 1974. From 1975 it is calculated as a quotient of produced milk form dairy and dual purpose cows and their average stock according to the main utilisation of cattle.
A measure expressing the productivity of egg production: it is calculated as total egg production divided by average hen stock.
A measure expressing productivity of wool production. Amount of wool from live animals divided by shorn sheep stock (excluding suckling lambs).
The quantity of crops harvested from one hectare of land in natural unit of measure, ton or in kilogramme.
In case of crops from arable land and vegetables up to 1996 the quantity of crops harvested from one hectare of arable land, from 1997 the quantity of crops harvested from one hectare of arable land and garden .
In case of grapes and fruits up to 2002 the harvested quantity of calculated for one hectare of productive land (for land unit of productive vineyard or orchard), from 2003 the harvested quantity calculated for one hectare of total land area.
Gravid and empty sow.
Chicken bred for slaughter.
Utilisation of chemical fertilizer with nitrogen, phosphate and/or potassium content
Typology is a classification of agricultural farms (private farms and agricultural enterprises) by economic size and type of farming.
Type of farming is one base of the classification of agricultural farms. Levels of hierarchy are as follows:
Type of farming is determined by two characteristics:
Economic size: an other base of classification of farms. It expresses the size of the farms in values. Standard Gross Margin is calculated for each farms as a result of the multiplication of EUROFARM measure and the concerning SGM value. After this the above mentioned values area summarised for group of products and at farm level and the result is converted into European Size Unit (ESU). Farms are classified into classes I-X according to legislation (in the Hungarian practice further 4 breakdowns are used for Class I. and 3 for Class X.
Standard Gross Margin (SGM): It is calculated as a difference of the gross production value of products and services and the variable costs.
Data for three years (2000, 2003 and 2005) are calculated by using SGM values of 2000, which are based on the gross production values and costs of 1999, 2000 and 2001.
The gross production value is the sum of the value of primary and secondary products. Those values are calculated as the multiplication of production per unit (reduced by losses) and the producer’s price (excluding VAT). Gross production value includes the subsidies on products, land area and/or livestock.
For calculating SGM the following costs are deducted from gross production value:
– In case of crop production:
seeds (purchased or own production), purchases organic fertilizer, plant protection products, water for irrigation, heating, drying, direct marketing costs (e.g.: classification, cleaning, etc.), and costs concerning processing, direct insurance costs, other direct variable costs.
– In case of animal husbandry:
livestock replacement costs; feedstuffs: concentrated feedstuffs (purchased or produced on the farm), coarse fodder; various specific costs including: veterinary fees, costs of natural service and artificial insemination, costs relating to performance testing and the like, specific marketing cost (e.g. grading, cleaning, packaging) and processing costs, specific insurance costs, other specific costs.
European Size Unit (ESU): The base of classification of farms by economic size. 1 ESU equals 1200 euros of SGM (approximately 30 thousand HUF SGM, which can be produced at a gross production value of 750 thousand HUF).
Controlled (registered) area under organic farming schemes.
Cattles, which are bore once, including cows under 2 years, irrespective of the breed.
Milk form dairy, meat purpose, dual purpose cows, and form cows for fattening for human consumption, irrespective of whether it is utilised for human consumption or feedstuff.
Cow, which are bred for milk production according to the characteristics of the breed. The product is utilised mainly or only for human consumption or processing.
Cows, which can be utilised both for meat purpose and for dairy due to the characteristics of breed.
Total quantity of breeding eggs and eggs for human consumption.
Persons, who worked at least one hour per week (according to the definition of Labour Force Survey: observed week) for payment (salary) in the most part of the year or had a working place from where he/she temporarily was absent (e.g.: illness, leave (including maternity leave) etc.). Persons receiving maternity allowance or who are pensioners are not employed persons.
Persons in legal work relationship with the employer (till 2003 as a main activity) and get salary (wage) for the work done. The statistical staff number of employees includes persons in legal work relationship with the employer, with the exceptions of those who are on leave for certain reasons (e.g.: maternity leave, child-care leave, military service, sick -leave or unpaid leave no longer than 3 months till 1988, etc.) and persons who work less than 60 hours according to the contract.
Dairy purpose and other ewes.
Permanent grassland or pasture on low grade soil. In the case of low herbage yield pastures such grassland is typically not mowed; the pastures are used only for periodic or ad-hoc grazing. Extensive grasslands are typically located in mountainous areas; no agrotechniques operations are used to increase herbage yield.
Natural persons of at least 14 years of age performing work for the holding as non-employed labour.
A farm, which has applied for or received support for organic farming or is under registration.
The farm manager is one and only one person responsible for the day-to-day running of the farm.
The farmer is an owner or tenant responsible for the operation of the farm in legal and economic terms.
Each natural or artificial water body, which is utilised for aquaculture, including winter and nursery ponds, fish ponds equipped for rotation.
Fish ponds were part of uncultivated land area till 1973; from 1974 it is a separate land use category, which does not include – contrast to previous years – the area of artificial water basins.
Land area constantly covered by forest trees and bushes, including forest tree nurseries in which plant propagation material is produced for own utilisation. The forest land use category includes the area of wind breaks, shelter belts, hedgerows and area of Christmas tree plantations. Forests do not include the area of tree nurseries for commercial and forestation purposes; such areas are accounted for under the land use category of arable land.
Fruit trees: apples, pears, quinces, cherries, sour cherries, apricots, peaches, plums, walnuts, almonds, chestnuts, hazelnuts and medlars.
Berries: raspberries, blackberries, red- and white currants, blackcurrants, gooseberries, strawberries, elderberries, sea buckthorns, blueberries and appleberries
Garden is usually an area around the house separated from the rest of the farm. Till 1949 it included the area of orchard as a land use category. From 1995 it means an area primarily for production for the own consumption of persons belonging to the farm; any surplus of low amount is for selling.
Land area utilised as meadow or pasture.
Meadow: land area under grass (artificial planting included), and the production is utilised by cutting, irrespective of whether it is used for grazing sometimes.
Pasture: land area under grass (artificial planting included) utilised for grazing irrespective of whether it is used for cutting sometimes. Land areas under grass with trees utilised for grazing are included.
The total area of the plantation, including turning zone for machinery.
The whole area of the plantation, including turning and cultivation zones for machinery.
Value of agricultural products produced in the framework of agricultural production in a certain time period, irrespective of whether those were produced in a unit in agricultural or in other branch. This value includes the value of two main branches of agricultural: crop production, animal husbandry. Gross production value of crop production includes the values of grown and harvested production, by-products, value changes of unfinished production, costs of plantation planting and maintaining until it gets productive. IN case of animal husbandry gross production value includes the production value of breeding (live born animals), value of livestock change and weight growth and values of products and by-products from animal husbandry. Gross production value is the sum value of total amount of produced products multiplied by average prices determined for each utilisation types. Data are compiled according to domestic prescriptions; therefore they are not comparable with the internationally comparable data of Economic Accounts for Agriculture (EAA).
Total harvested area of the main and secondary crops grown on arable land, excluding border-, and edge crops. It may differ from sown area due to damaged area because of natural reasons (flood, inland water, frost.)
A quotient of production of hen eggs (including dried and canned egg) from own production or from food industrial processing for domestic consumption (consumption of domestic population and purchase of tourists) and mid-year population.
Agricultural utilisation (e.g.: seeds, fodder) is taken into account as well, as industrial utilisation. Input price index includes products and services used for intermediate consumption and the price indices of goods and services contributing to agricultural investment.
Permanent grassland or pasture on high or medium grade soil and/or converted to intensive grassland farming by irrigation, chemical fertilizers and other agrotechniques operations.
Represents the value of all goods and services used as inputs in the production process, excluding fixed assets. It includes the value of utilised agricultural (seeds, green manure, breeding eggs etc.) and non-agricultural (chemical fertilizer, plant protection products, other assets etc.) products and the value of purchased agricultural services. Data are compiled according to domestic prescriptions therefore they are not comparable with internationally comparable data of Economic Account of Agriculture.
This is the area irrigable by the use of irrigation equipment existing in certain year at the holding, whether or not actually irrigated.
At least once a year irrigated area.
Not irrigable is the area, which is not equipped for irrigation.
Irrigable, but not irrigated: if the area of the plantation is equipped for irrigation, but irrigation was not applied 3 years before the observation.
Irrigable and irrigated: if the area of the plantation is equipped for irrigation and irrigation was applied regularly 3 years before the observation.
Irrigation method refers only to irrigable and irrigated areas.
Basin irrigation: gravitational surface draining of the irrigation water through the flooding of the entire area.
Furrow irrigation: draining of the irrigation water in furrows between the rows of plants.
Sprinkler type: irrigation of plants by high-pressure sprinklers placed above the parcels
Drop type: irrigation of plants by micro-sprinkling or spraying.
Kitchen garden is usually an area around the house separated from the rest of the farm used primarily for production for the own consumption of persons belonging to the farm; any surplus of low amount is for selling.
This area includes the total footing area used for mushroom growing in the year in question at least once, including the areas of bags and beds in cellars, buildings for mushroom growing, etc.
Base of the observation of land area used in agricultural branch. Land area actually used by the holding involved in agricultural activity in the period of observation irrespective of the land property registry, i.e. in the given area the user of the land carried actually the risk of cultivation including any gain or deficit from land use. By land use a given holding may have land area privately owned (land area saleable or bestowable upon the discretion of owners belonging to the holding), rented (land area cultivated as part of the holding for which natural persons belonging to the holding enter into a rental contract pay a fixed rent in cash or in kind)or used under other title (land areas allocated to persons filling certain offices such as foresters, clergymen, teachers, etc. and land areas, such as abandoned farms, land area belonging to relatives, etc. for cultivation free of charge). Land use includes roads and land areas, which are not under agricultural cultivation. From 1 January 1992 municipal gardens are uncultivated land areas, which restrict the comparability. In line with the statistical surveys those areas are converted into actual land use from 1995.
The branch of cultivation is the actual method of use characteristic for the land area, including arable land, kitchen garden, orchard, vineyard, grassland (intensive, extensive), forest, reed, fishpond and uncultivated land.
A hen, which is producing or has produced eggs, irrespective whether the laying of eggs is temporary stopped.
Animals lived at least 24 hours after being born.
It means headcount of the livestock on the theoretical day of survey.
A measure calculated by livestock divided by land area. Livestock density can be calculated for animal species separately or together. It the latter case calculation is based on National Livestock Unit (NLU).
It means livestock per 1000 capita. Calculated by the livestock on the theoretical day of survey divided by mid-year population.
Machinery is owned by the farm on the December 31 of the year in question (1 HP = 0,74 kW).
Main activity is the income earning activity which absorbed the largest amount of the total working days last year.
Any person who did not perform income earning activity in the largest part of the year and receiving maternity allowance and maternity benefit.
Laying poultry, male poultry and other poultry above the age of 3 months.
Land area under grass (artificial planting included) in the same location exceeding five years, and the production is utilised by cutting, irrespective of whether it is used for grazing sometimes. Meadows not in use are excluded.
A quotient of production of meats from own production or from food industrial processing for domestic consumption (consumption of domestic population and purchase of tourists) and mid-year population.
Means domestic slaughtering (including slaughtering of imported live animals) in dead weight (amount of meat and offal from slaughtered cattle, pigs, horses, sheep, poultry and other animals), including live animal export until 2004. (Meat production does not include chiffon and other by-products).
Cows, which are utilised for meat production (for slaughtering) due to the characteristics of breed, irrespective of whether they give milk while they are kept in animal husbandry or not, or they are utilised as culled cows. Culled cows and dual purpose cows are also included irrespective of whether they were fattened between last lactation and slaughtering.
A quotient of production of milk (milk without butter) from own production or from food industrial processing for domestic consumption (consumption of domestic population and purchase of tourists) and mid-year population.
Female animal bore once and kept in animal husbandry.
An equivalent of the total livestock used for aggregation of various species of different genders, ages, equal to one or more animals of 500 kg live weight.
The empirical conversion factors defined on the basis of typical keeping patterns are as follows:
| 1 cattle | 0,8 NLU |
| 1 pig | 0,114 NLU |
| 1 sheep | 0,0714 NLU |
| 1 horse | 0,8 NLU |
| 1 hen | 0,004 NLU |
| 1 goose | 0,007 NLU |
| 1 duck | 0,004 NLU |
| 1 turkey | 0,013 NLU |
| 1 head of other poultry (geese, duck, turkey, guinea fowl) |
0,008 NLU |
Multiplication of the number of and the planting space of vine. Data ‘by group of varieties’ are concerning net area.
Multiplication of the number and the planting space of a fruit tree (or bush), which does not include turning and cultivation zones for machinery. Size of area and the characteristics of varieties are concerning the net area (in hectares).
Any non-agricultural activity linked with the farm resources including people, land, buildings, machines, etc., or in connection with the processing of agricultural products.
Persons, who are engaged in seasonal agricultural work (harvesting, cutting etc.) at the farm.
Persons who were engaged in agricultural activity (both as a main or subsidiary activity) at the observed unit every week – irrespective of the length of the workweek – and get salary (wage) for the work done.
A land of at least 1500 m² in area, coherently planted with fruit trees or land of at least 500 m² in area, coherently planted with berry-fruits, containing only one species planted in the same year (planted in autumn and the following spring is considered same year.
Land area under fruit trees and bushes, where the main crops are fruit treesn and bushes. Orchard area may include several fruit species (e.g.: apples, pears, cherries, etc.) Orchard includes not productive orchards as well. In the framework of statistical observation orchard land use category includes coherent orchards in kitchen gardens (with equal row width and plant spacing), if the area is 200 m² or above in case of berries and 400 m² or above in case of fruit trees.
Until 1949 orchard was a part of garden land use category.
A farm (or area) qualified as organic farm by an authorised organisation (Biokontroll Hungária Kht., respectively Hungária Ökogarancia Ltd.).
Utilisation of stable, semi-liquid, and liquid manure.
Applicable only to slope areas. Flat areas are not included in slope-areas.
Land area under grass (artificial planting included) utilised for grazing irrespective of whether it is used for cutting sometimes and found in the same location exceeding five years. Land areas under grass with trees utilised for grazing are included. Pastures not in use are excluded. The statistical observation system classifies it as part of grassland.
Any person who did not perform income earning activity in the largest part of year, and receiving pension, disability allowance or annuity.
It is an area under grass in the same location for at least five years. Depending in the intensity of farming this area is either intensive or extensive grassland.
The year, when the further cultivation of the plantation is not effective any more, because of the low yield. It is not necessarily the same endurance caused by amortisation.
The level of production of the plantation determined by the timeliness, continuity and workmanship of agro- and phyto-technical methods (pruning, weed-control, plant-protection).
The categories (poor, satisfactory, good) are concerned to the condition of fruit trees or bushes and to the accomplishment of the plantation.
Hen, cock, chicken, guinea fowl, goose, duck and turkey stock irrespective of age, sex or weight.
Production in live weight means weight growth of livestock within a certain period of time as a result of weight of live born animals and the weight growth of young and adult animals and the condition improve of adult livestock.
A quotient of animal products produced and mid-year population.
Quotient of animals bred for slaughtering and for export (in ton) and agricultural land area.
Amount of raw wool from live sheep.
Crops harvested only from arable land.
Total area of agricultural land area (arable land, garden [kitchen garden], kitchen garden, orchard, vineyard, grassland), forest, reed, fishpond.
Land area under water, where reed or bulrush is growing applicable for industrial, constructional, or agricultural purposes.
The average slope of the plantation expressed in percent irrespective of the direction of slope. The percentage categories are the following:
| flat: | under 0.5 degrees |
| 1– 4%: | 0.5–2.3 degrees |
| 5– 8%: | 2.4–4.6 degrees |
| 9–12%: | 4.7–6.9 degrees |
| above 12%: | above 6.9 degrees |
The cropped part of the arable land.
Part of the arable land under crop meaning, in a wider sense, the multiple utilization of arable land, including the areas under main crop (sowing area as at May 31st including the sowing area of the crop sowed or planted for the main utilization of land), complementary crop (sowing area of perennial legume straws sowed on the main crop (typically cereals)) and inter-crop (area under plants sowed within the rows of main crop accounted for as the sowing area of the main crop), secondary crops (area under crop sowed after May 31st typically after the main crop and harvested in the same year). In narrower sense it means the area of arable land under the main crop.
Number (pieces) of fruit trees or bushes concerned to one hectare of planted area, irrespective of size of area.
Difference of live born animals and total perished stock.
Any person, who did not perform income earning activity in the largest part of year, and participating in regular education.
Subsidiary activity is the subsidiary income earning activity of the person involved in agricultural activity.
A part of the arable land area, which covers the area for 1-5 years. In this area grass or grass-mixture is produced and the main crop is grass. It is taken into account as a part of arable land.
It is calculated by dividing the producer price index by the input price index. If the value of is above 100, the income conditions of producers improve.
Statistical small regions, counties, planning-statistical regions or statistical large-regions defined in accordance with the Nomenclature for Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) for international reporting purposes. In Hungary there are 20 counties (NUTS 3) 7 planning-statistical regions (NUTS 2) and 3 statistical large-regions.
Total crop of main, inter-, border and edge crops and crops harvested as secondary crop produced on arable land, and in other land use categories.
Unused agricultural area is part of the uncultivated land. These are agricultural areas used earlier but currently not cultivated and not included in crop alternation due to economic, social or other reasons that may be reused without any major limitation for production at relatively low expenses using the available tools of the holding (e. g. fallow land, non-utilised grassland).
Uncultivated land is the total of area of unused agricultural areas and other areas such as buildings and structures, farm yards, parks and ornamental gardens, roads and the associated ditches, ponds, quarries, waste land, etc. required for the operation of the holding. The definition of uncultivated land area is the same as the definition of land area not under burden of property tax until 1961.
Unemployed
Any person who, in the largest part of year, did not take part in income earning activity and has no job where he or she did not temporarily work, actively seeking employment in the four weeks preceding the survey, or ready to work in two week’s time provided he or she could find an appropriate job, or has already found a job and starting to work in 90 days.
This includes the area utilized as arable land of fallow land, complete fallow, ley, soil melioration or change of the branch of cultivation under way and areas under crops that perished during the year due to flood, excess water or frost.
Base of the observation of land area used in agricultural branch. Land area actually used by the holding involved in agricultural activity in the period of observation irrespective of the land property registry, i.e. in the given area the user of the land carried actually the risk of cultivation including any gain or deficit from land use. By land use a given holding may have land area privately owned (land area saleable or bestowable upon the discretion of owners belonging to the holding), rented (land area cultivated as part of the holding for which natural persons belonging to the holding enter into a rental contract pay a fixed rent in cash or in kind)or used under other title (land areas allocated to persons filling certain offices such as foresters, clergymen, teachers, etc. and land areas, such as abandoned farms, land area belonging to relatives, etc. for cultivation free of charge). Land use includes roads and land areas, which are not under agricultural cultivation. From 1 January 1992 municipal gardens are uncultivated land areas, which restrict the comparability. In line with the statistical surveys those areas are converted into actual land use from 1995.
A value from production activity additive to the value of products and services consumed for production of agricultural products (intermediate consumption). Value added is a measure calculated as a difference of gross production value and intermediate consumption. Data are compiled according to domestic prescriptions; therefore they are not comparable with the internationally comparable data of Economic Accounts for Agriculture (EAA).
There are 3 types of vineyards according to the Act CXXI. Of 1997 on viticulture and wine sector: a) wine regions, b) wine districts, c) other vineyards.
Land area of at least 500 m² in area, coherently planted with grapes and utilised for production of grape propagation material. Basic characteristics of vineyards: location (municipality code, settlement etc.), sort (grapes for market, noble master vineyard, not cultivated, allowed for grubbing, not yet productive etc.), space system, cultivation method, age.
Vineyard areas, where the grapes are planted in equal row width and planting space and the main crops are grapes. Vineyard can include more grape varieties, and includes not productive areas. Vineyard also includes vineyard areas in kitchen garden (trellises), if the area is planted coherently (equal row width and planting space) and is at least of 200 m2 in area.